The reading and the lecture are both about the origin of the Voynich manuscript, which is written on vellum in an unknown script. The author of the reading passage states three possible sources of the manuscript. However, the lecturer repudiates his idea and casts doubt on the three possible theories in the passage by providing three indefeasible reasons.
To begin with, even though the first theory mentions that the manuscript is very similar to Ascham's book "A Little Herbal", the lecturer rejects this theory by saying that Ascham was an ordinary botanist with no original idea. Moreover, the book "A Little Herbal" only describes a common plant and contains information from many sources. Thus, the first theory is problematic.
Secondly, according to the second theory, the manuscript is fake, which is created by Edward Kelley. The theory suggests that Kelley may use this book to sell to a wealthy noble for money. But the lecturer contradicts this point by pointing out that it is not necessary for Kelley to make such a complex manuscript since the wealthy noble is easy to fool. In this way, the second theory is refuted.
Last but not least, the third theory says that the manuscript is a modern fake, which was created by Voynich himself because he has much knowledge about old manuscripts and he knows how to make a fake one. Nonetheless, the lecturer argues that the ink and the vellum date back to four hundred years, it is impossible for Voynich to find such kind of ink, which opposes the third theory.
In a nutshell, whereas the reading and the lecture both discuss the origin of the Voynich manuscript, the three theories provided by the author is challenged effectively by the lecturer.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, however, may, moreover, nonetheless, second, secondly, so, third, thus, whereas, kind of, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 10.4613686534 134% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 10.0 12.0772626932 83% => OK
Pronoun: 16.0 22.412803532 71% => OK
Preposition: 35.0 30.3222958057 115% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1454.0 1373.03311258 106% => OK
No of words: 290.0 270.72406181 107% => OK
Chars per words: 5.01379310345 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.12666770723 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.5980784997 2.5805825403 101% => OK
Unique words: 152.0 145.348785872 105% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.524137931034 0.540411800872 97% => OK
syllable_count: 433.8 419.366225166 103% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 14.0 8.23620309051 170% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 59.0325354079 49.2860985944 120% => OK
Chars per sentence: 111.846153846 110.228320801 101% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.3076923077 21.698381199 103% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.84615384615 7.06452816374 125% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.223442916482 0.272083759551 82% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0769662006105 0.0996497079465 77% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0545949539363 0.0662205650399 82% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.118810161983 0.162205337803 73% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0257855187288 0.0443174109184 58% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.3 13.3589403974 100% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 57.61 53.8541721854 107% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.7 11.0289183223 97% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.07 12.2367328918 99% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.43 8.42419426049 100% => OK
difficult_words: 68.0 63.6247240618 107% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.