Asteroids are large space objects made of rock and ice. There are hundreds of thousands of asteroids in our solar system. Though we often hear ideas about establishing colonies of humans to live and work on our Moon or our neighboring planet, Mars, some think that sending people to an asteroid would actually be the best colonization option for a number of reasons.Low GravityTo begin with, asteroids are often much smaller than planets, so they have lower gravity. When landing a spaceship, the craft would not be pulled as strongly or as forcefully toward the asteroid’s surface, making the landing safer than landing on the Moon or Mars; it would also allow a spacecraft to carry much more equipment needed to set up the colony. It would also be easier for the spacecraft to take off again, so the spaceship would need to carry considerably less fuel for the trip back to Earth.Mining Valuable MetalsNext, some asteroids are rich in valuable elements and precious metals that are relatively rare on Earth, such as gold and platinum. An asteroid colony would be extremely profitable and a good source of these raw materials. The colonists or businesses sponsoring them could more than pay for the cost of their support by mining minerals and sending them back to Earth.Easy to ReachFinally, asteroids are a good option for colonization because some of them would be very easy to reach. There are a number of asteroids that periodically come within or near Earth’s orbit. Some of them actually get closer to Earth than our Moon. So these asteroids would be much easier and more affordable to get to and get back from than a planet like Mars, which would require a two-year trip in each direction.
Both the reading passage and the lecturer discuss whether it is practical to colonize an asteroid. The writer provides three pieces of evidence for supporting to send people to an asteroid. However, the lecturer disagrees with theses statements.
First of all, the writer mentions that asteroids have relative smaller size than other planets, so they have lower gravity. The spaceship can easily land on asteroids and carry more equipments to there. Still, this is very different from the lecturer's claim that the lower gravity also provides certian risks. When people stay in the place with low gravity only for several months, their bone density will decrease which leads to some health problems. Not to say staying on a asteroid for several years to colonize it.
Secondly, although the writer states that there are lots of valuable elements and matals on asteroids, the lecturer rebuts this belief by pointing out that it is not a whole picture at all. The cost of transport those metals back to Earth need to be considered. Moreover, we can not garuntee the price of those metals will maintain high when lots of metals had transported back to Earth. Therefore, mining the precious metals on asteroids might not be that profitable.
Third, the author also asserts that asteroids will be more easy to reach due to some of them will enter into Earth's orbit periodically. Nevertheless, the lecturer refuses this claim. He states that although it might be easy to arrive there, getting back from asteroids is a challenge. Because asteroids sometimes move unusual. They can travel far away from Earth, even further than Mars. Hence, getting back from that place is definitely a serious problem.
Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 475, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'an' instead of 'a' if the following word starts with a vowel sound, e.g. 'an article', 'an hour'
Suggestion: an
... health problems. Not to say staying on a asteroid for several years to colonize ...
^
Line 7, column 286, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “Because” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...ing back from asteroids is a challenge. Because asteroids sometimes move unusual. They ...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, hence, however, if, moreover, nevertheless, second, secondly, so, still, therefore, third, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 5.04856512141 198% => OK
Conjunction : 3.0 7.30242825607 41% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 22.412803532 103% => OK
Preposition: 35.0 30.3222958057 115% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1425.0 1373.03311258 104% => OK
No of words: 280.0 270.72406181 103% => OK
Chars per words: 5.08928571429 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.09062348924 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.4846441662 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 168.0 145.348785872 116% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.6 0.540411800872 111% => OK
syllable_count: 432.9 419.366225166 103% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 15.0 21.2450331126 71% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 37.3816238608 49.2860985944 76% => OK
Chars per sentence: 79.1666666667 110.228320801 72% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.5555555556 21.698381199 72% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.72222222222 7.06452816374 95% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.086214913253 0.272083759551 32% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0296631453765 0.0996497079465 30% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0271306390625 0.0662205650399 41% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0540710398232 0.162205337803 33% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0149708224868 0.0443174109184 34% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.3 13.3589403974 77% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 64.71 53.8541721854 120% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.0 11.0289183223 73% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.95 12.2367328918 98% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.05 8.42419426049 96% => OK
difficult_words: 65.0 63.6247240618 102% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 6.0 10.7273730684 56% => Linsear_write_formula is low.
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.498013245 76% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 475, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'an' instead of 'a' if the following word starts with a vowel sound, e.g. 'an article', 'an hour'
Suggestion: an
... health problems. Not to say staying on a asteroid for several years to colonize ...
^
Line 7, column 286, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “Because” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...ing back from asteroids is a challenge. Because asteroids sometimes move unusual. They ...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, hence, however, if, moreover, nevertheless, second, secondly, so, still, therefore, third, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 5.04856512141 198% => OK
Conjunction : 3.0 7.30242825607 41% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 22.412803532 103% => OK
Preposition: 35.0 30.3222958057 115% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1425.0 1373.03311258 104% => OK
No of words: 280.0 270.72406181 103% => OK
Chars per words: 5.08928571429 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.09062348924 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.4846441662 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 168.0 145.348785872 116% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.6 0.540411800872 111% => OK
syllable_count: 432.9 419.366225166 103% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 15.0 21.2450331126 71% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 37.3816238608 49.2860985944 76% => OK
Chars per sentence: 79.1666666667 110.228320801 72% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.5555555556 21.698381199 72% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.72222222222 7.06452816374 95% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.086214913253 0.272083759551 32% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0296631453765 0.0996497079465 30% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0271306390625 0.0662205650399 41% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0540710398232 0.162205337803 33% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0149708224868 0.0443174109184 34% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.3 13.3589403974 77% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 64.71 53.8541721854 120% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.0 11.0289183223 73% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.95 12.2367328918 98% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.05 8.42419426049 96% => OK
difficult_words: 65.0 63.6247240618 102% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 6.0 10.7273730684 56% => Linsear_write_formula is low.
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.498013245 76% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.