Ethanol fuel, made from plants such as corn and sugar cane, has been advocated by some people as an alternative to gasoline in the United States. However, many critics argue that ethanol is not a good replacement for gasoline for several reasons.
First, the increased use of ethanol fuel would not help to solve one of the biggest environmental problems caused by gasoline use: global warming. Like gasoline, ethanol releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere when it is burned for fuel, and carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas: it helps trap heat in the atmosphere. Thus, ethanol offers no environmental advantage over gasoline.
Second, the production of significant amounts of ethanol would dramatically reduce the amount of plants available for uses other than fuel. For example, much of the corn now grown in the United States is used to feed farm animals such as cows and chickens. It is estimated that if ethanol were used to satisfy just 10 percent of the fuel needs in the United States, more than 60 percent of the corn currently grown in the United States would have to be used to produce ethanol. If most of the corn were used to produce ethanol, a substantial source of food for animals would disappear.
Third, ethanol fuel will never be able to compete with gasoline on price. Although the prices of ethanol and gasoline for the consumer are currently about the same, this is only because of the help in the form of tax subsidies given to ethanol producers by the United States government. These tax subsidies have cost the United States government over $11 billion in the past 30 years. If the United States government were to stop helping the producers in this way, the price of ethanol would increase greatly.
Both lecture and reading are discussing the replacement of gasoline by ethanol. The former thinks that ethanol has many advantages. While the latter provides three points to support his belief about the demerits of ethanol.
To begin with, the first issue we encounter is associated with global warming. The speaker highlights that the excessive carbondioxide produced by ethanol will be takenup by trees cultivated for the ethanol production. Additionally, he mentions that as all the by-product will be consumed by plants there is no threat to the environment. On the other hand, the author posists that it also releases carbondioxide, a greenhouse gas. As a result, ethanol has no advantage over gasoline.
Moreover, another topic of debate revolves around the disapperance of substantial sources of food for animals. The professor points out that animals usually feed on parts of plants that are rich in cellulose and synthesis of ethanol mainly depends on other parts which are not rich in cellulose. In contrast, the passage argues that a major percentage of corn growm in the United States will be used in ethanol production but only able to satisfy a very less fuel demand.
To wrap things up, the final point in the discussion is connected to the price of ethanol. The instructor claims that it's true that both the fuel cost is the same and tax subsidiary is given by the state but it's necessary. Furthermore, he challenges that if the demand of ethanol increases by three percent, the cost of gasoline will dramatically fall by forty percent. Nevertheless, the text states that ethanol will never be able to compete gasoline prices and also have cost billions of dollars to the government over the years. Thus, it has no outstanding benefits over other fuel.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 133, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “While” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...hinks that ethanol has many advantages. While the latter provides three points to sup...
^^^^^
Line 5, column 426, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...s will be used in ethanol production but only able to satisfy a very less fuel de...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, furthermore, if, moreover, nevertheless, so, thus, while, in contrast, as a result, to begin with, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 10.4613686534 115% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 46.0 30.3222958057 152% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1489.0 1373.03311258 108% => OK
No of words: 293.0 270.72406181 108% => OK
Chars per words: 5.0819112628 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.13729897018 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.80770610096 2.5805825403 109% => OK
Unique words: 169.0 145.348785872 116% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.576791808874 0.540411800872 107% => OK
syllable_count: 467.1 419.366225166 111% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 42.0073933225 49.2860985944 85% => OK
Chars per sentence: 93.0625 110.228320801 84% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.3125 21.698381199 84% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.375 7.06452816374 119% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 4.33554083885 208% => Less positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.243131844867 0.272083759551 89% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0749858636665 0.0996497079465 75% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0504536698632 0.0662205650399 76% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.146132735254 0.162205337803 90% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.024945375887 0.0443174109184 56% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.7 13.3589403974 88% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 53.21 53.8541721854 99% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.18 12.2367328918 100% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.84 8.42419426049 105% => OK
difficult_words: 80.0 63.6247240618 126% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.0 10.7273730684 65% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.