Humans have long been fascinated by elephants, the largest land animal in the modern world. Social animals that live in herds, elephants are native to both Africa and Asia. Their large ears, long trunk, and long life span have made elephants one of the most captivating creatures on Earth. Our long-standing interest in elephants has led to several beliefs about surprising elephant behaviors.
Elephants Are Aware of Approaching Death
One of the popular beliefs is that when elephants become old and weak, they know that they are nearing the end of their lives. They demonstrate this by breaking away from their herds and going off alone to certain locations often found near bodies of water—so called “elephant graveyards”—to die alone. The idea that old elephants seem aware that they will die soon is supported by the discovery of many sites containing bones exclusively of elderly elephants.
Representing Objects through Art
Additionally, elephants seem to have artistic ability. Elephants can be taught to hold a paintbrush in their trunk and use it to paint on a canvas. Some elephants have been known to paint drawings that represent recognizable things: flowers, other elephants, even themselves. This talent makes elephants the only animal other than humans to produce art representing the world around them.
Fear of Mice
Finally, it has long been believed that elephants have a fear of mice. In 77 C.E., the Roman philosopher and scientist Pliny the Elder wrote that elephants are more afraid of mice, small mammals that can do elephants no harm, than of the much more dangerous animals with which elephants normally share an environment, such as lions or tigers. In a recent scientific experiment in which a herd of elephants was confronted with several mice, the elephants backed away from the mice and left the area to avoid them.
The article and lecture are both about elephant behaviors. The author of the reading indicates that elephants are able to be aware of death, to paint and are fear of mice, while the lecturer casts doubts on those arguments and refutes each of them.
First of all, the reading mentions that elephants are capable of awaring the coming of their death which results in the so-called 'elephant graveyards' that we have heard. However, the lectures questions that it is a completely misunderstanding. she explains that when getting older, elephants' teeth become weaken that can not chew hard food but soft vegetables which usually grow near the water. As a result, it is obvious that elder elephants move closer to the regions to access the food easier.
Second, the article claims that elephants have the artistic ability. The lecture, in contrast, doubts that whether elephants are able to paint as humans. she further explains that by strewing elephants ears, which are sensitive to any movement, elephants can move the paintbrush just as painting. this is a typical way how people train them to draw.
Finally, the article indicates that elephants fear of mice than other fierce animals in the Nature. The author says that it is a misinterruption to elephants' behaviors. elephants reacts to mice in this way due to their instinct reactions to what they are unfamiliar with. she provides an example that elephants in the zoo, which have already seen mice, will not be scared of mice anymore.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 245, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: She
...at it is a completely misunderstanding. she explains that when getting older, eleph...
^^^
Line 5, column 8, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ns to access the food easier. Second, the article claims that elephants have t...
^^
Line 5, column 156, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: She
... elephants are able to paint as humans. she further explains that by strewing eleph...
^^^
Line 5, column 299, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: This
...n move the paintbrush just as painting. this is a typical way how people train them ...
^^^^
Line 7, column 170, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Elephants
...misinterruption to elephants behaviors. elephants reacts to mice in this way due to their...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 273, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: She
...tions to what they are unfamiliar with. she provides an example that elephants in t...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, first, however, second, so, while, in contrast, as a result, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 10.4613686534 124% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 5.04856512141 59% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 7.30242825607 55% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 18.0 12.0772626932 149% => OK
Pronoun: 28.0 22.412803532 125% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 30.0 30.3222958057 99% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1250.0 1373.03311258 91% => OK
No of words: 249.0 270.72406181 92% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.02008032129 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.97237131171 4.04702891845 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.59801801101 2.5805825403 101% => OK
Unique words: 138.0 145.348785872 95% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.55421686747 0.540411800872 103% => OK
syllable_count: 379.8 419.366225166 91% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 41.296587792 49.2860985944 84% => OK
Chars per sentence: 89.2857142857 110.228320801 81% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.7857142857 21.698381199 82% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.21428571429 7.06452816374 88% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 4.19205298013 143% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.179820462767 0.272083759551 66% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0682240681901 0.0996497079465 68% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0404526756432 0.0662205650399 61% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.114002475678 0.162205337803 70% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.025433519205 0.0443174109184 57% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.1 13.3589403974 83% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 62.68 53.8541721854 116% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.7 11.0289183223 79% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.54 12.2367328918 94% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.97 8.42419426049 95% => OK
difficult_words: 55.0 63.6247240618 86% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 78.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.