Humans have long been fascinated by elephants, the largest land animal in the modern world. Social animals that live in herds, elephants are native to both Africa and Asia. Their large ears, long trunk, and long life span have made elephants one of the most captivating creatures on Earth. Our long-standing interest in elephants has led to several beliefs about surprising elephant behaviors.
Elephants Are Aware of Approaching Death
One of the popular beliefs is that when elephants become old and weak, they know that they are nearing the end of their lives. They demonstrate this by breaking away from their herds and going off alone to certain locations often found near bodies of water - so-called "elephant graveyards" - to die alone. The idea that old elephants seem aware that they will die soon is supported by the discovery of many sites containing bones exclusively of elderly elephants.
Representing Objects through Art
Additionally, elephants seem to have artistic ability. Elephants can be taught to hold a paintbrush in their trunk and use it to paint on a canvas. Some elephants have been known to paint drawings that represent recognizable things: flowers, other elephants, even themselves. This talent makes elephants the only animal other than humans to produce art representing the world around them.
Fear of Mice
Finally, it has long been believed that elephants have a fear of mice. In 77 C.E., the Roman philosopher and scientist Pliny the Elder wrote that elephants are more afraid of mice, small mammals that can do elephants no harm, than of the much more dangerous animals with which elephants normally share an environment, such as lions or tigers. In a recent scientific experiment in which a herd of elephants was confronted with several mice, the elephants backed away from the mice and left the area to avoid them.
The reading states that people's interest in elephants has brought about some beliefs about this animals' behaviors. The lecturer, however, finds the idea dubious and casts doubt on the beliefs proposed by the reading passage.
The author argues that elephants are aware about their death time, so, on that time, they leave their herds to die alone near water. Conversely, the lecturer brings up the idea that the real reason that make old elephants leave their herds is that, as they become older their teeth weaken so they need to eat softer food; ss a result, they leave the herds to find these kind of foods near water where are more likely to be found.
Furthermore, the reading passage holds the view that elephants like humans have the intrinsic ability to paint recognizable things with paintbrush. On the contrary, the professor underlines the fact that it is not an innate characteristic of these animals. Elephants ears are too sensitive and by touching them, people try to train elephants paint some different lines. In consequence the things painted by the elephants is the the direct result of touching their ears in order to paint significant shape and is not their own awareness of painting real things.
Finally, the reading asserts that according to a Roman scientist, elephants have a fear of small animals, mice, than other lager animals like tiger and lion whose habitat environmet is the same. In contrast, the speaker dismisses this issue due to the fact that elephants are not affraid of these ceratain animals, mice. They have a fear of every unfamiliar animal and this behavior is a natural intrinsic. When they get familiar with mice and find that they do not harm them, their fear goes out.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 92, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...ts has brought about some beliefs about this animals behaviors. The lecturer, howeve...
^^^^
Line 2, column 1, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...liefs proposed by the reading passage. The author argues that elephants are aware ...
^^^
Line 2, column 364, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'this kind' or 'these kinds'?
Suggestion: this kind; these kinds
... a result, they leave the herds to find these kind of foods near water where are more like...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 424, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: the
... the things painted by the elephants is the the direct result of touching their ears in...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 424, Rule ID: DT_DT[1]
Message: Maybe you need to remove one determiner so that only 'the' or 'the' is left.
Suggestion: the; the
... the things painted by the elephants is the the direct result of touching their ears in...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
conversely, finally, furthermore, however, if, so, in contrast, kind of, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 34.0 22.412803532 152% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 37.0 30.3222958057 122% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1429.0 1373.03311258 104% => OK
No of words: 291.0 270.72406181 107% => OK
Chars per words: 4.91065292096 5.08290768461 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.13022058845 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.41734930493 2.5805825403 94% => OK
Unique words: 163.0 145.348785872 112% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.560137457045 0.540411800872 104% => OK
syllable_count: 435.6 419.366225166 104% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 21.2450331126 113% => OK
Sentence length SD: 57.0231434497 49.2860985944 116% => OK
Chars per sentence: 119.083333333 110.228320801 108% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.25 21.698381199 112% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.33333333333 7.06452816374 104% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 4.19205298013 119% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.204282908351 0.272083759551 75% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0781296419591 0.0996497079465 78% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.046371512962 0.0662205650399 70% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.115999369547 0.162205337803 72% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0331902086317 0.0443174109184 75% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.8 13.3589403974 103% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 55.58 53.8541721854 103% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 11.0289183223 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.49 12.2367328918 94% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.08 8.42419426049 96% => OK
difficult_words: 60.0 63.6247240618 94% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.0 10.7273730684 121% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 10.498013245 110% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.