Jumping Young Salmon. Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they
cast doubt on the specific theories presented in the reading passage
The article introduces the topic of the jumping behavior of young salmons. Specifically, the writer discusses the theories proposed by ecologists to explain the jumping behavior of young salmons. The speaker in the listening passage disagrees with the proposed theories. He believes that there are flaws in the ecologist’s logic and attacks each of the claims in the reading.
First, the article posits that young salmons jump out of the water to catch food like flying insects. The speaker, on the other hand, refutes this claim by saying that not all species of young salmon feed on flying insects and that a particular specie, called young Silka salmon feed only on zooplankton. He, therefore, says that there must be some other explanation for the reason young salmon jump out of water.
Secondly, the theory proposed that young salmons jump out of the water to avoid predators. Again, the professor believes that there are flaws in this reasoning. He holds that young salmons have developed a different strategy for escaping from predators which is by swimming in different directions. He further explained that since young salmons travel in groups, jumping at the same time when they see a predator is not feasible, and jumping out of water will make them visible to other predators like birds and bears. So, rather, young salmons escape from predators by swimming in different directions to confuse the predator.
Lastly, the writer concludes this argument by stating the theory that young salmons jump out of the water to remove sea lice from their bodies. Not surprisingly, the lecturer takes issue with this claim by contending that for a young salmon to remove one sea louse from its body, it is required that it jumps 50 times. Therefore, it will be required that it jumps many more times to get rid of more lice from its body. He says that this is too much energy required and that instead, the young salmon will use this energy in growing and getting stronger.
In conclusion, both the author and the speaker hold conflicting views about the jumping behaviors of young salmon. They will have a problem finding a common ground on this issue.
Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Transition Words or Phrases used:
first, if, lastly, second, secondly, so, therefore, in conclusion, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 17.0 12.0772626932 141% => OK
Pronoun: 36.0 22.412803532 161% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 51.0 30.3222958057 168% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1799.0 1373.03311258 131% => OK
No of words: 364.0 270.72406181 134% => OK
Chars per words: 4.94230769231 5.08290768461 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.36792674256 4.04702891845 108% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.46199680535 2.5805825403 95% => OK
Unique words: 175.0 145.348785872 120% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.480769230769 0.540411800872 89% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 532.8 419.366225166 127% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 3.25607064018 215% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 42.6381921767 49.2860985944 87% => OK
Chars per sentence: 99.9444444444 110.228320801 91% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.2222222222 21.698381199 93% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.66666666667 7.06452816374 66% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.241415776815 0.272083759551 89% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0880018835541 0.0996497079465 88% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0490080453938 0.0662205650399 74% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.143546488172 0.162205337803 88% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0194576447384 0.0443174109184 44% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.9 13.3589403974 89% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 59.64 53.8541721854 111% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 11.0289183223 90% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.37 12.2367328918 93% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.23 8.42419426049 98% => OK
difficult_words: 83.0 63.6247240618 130% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 60.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 18.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
first, if, lastly, second, secondly, so, therefore, in conclusion, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 17.0 12.0772626932 141% => OK
Pronoun: 36.0 22.412803532 161% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 51.0 30.3222958057 168% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1799.0 1373.03311258 131% => OK
No of words: 364.0 270.72406181 134% => OK
Chars per words: 4.94230769231 5.08290768461 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.36792674256 4.04702891845 108% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.46199680535 2.5805825403 95% => OK
Unique words: 175.0 145.348785872 120% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.480769230769 0.540411800872 89% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 532.8 419.366225166 127% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 3.25607064018 215% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 42.6381921767 49.2860985944 87% => OK
Chars per sentence: 99.9444444444 110.228320801 91% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.2222222222 21.698381199 93% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.66666666667 7.06452816374 66% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.241415776815 0.272083759551 89% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0880018835541 0.0996497079465 88% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0490080453938 0.0662205650399 74% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.143546488172 0.162205337803 88% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0194576447384 0.0443174109184 44% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.9 13.3589403974 89% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 59.64 53.8541721854 111% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 11.0289183223 90% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.37 12.2367328918 93% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.23 8.42419426049 98% => OK
difficult_words: 83.0 63.6247240618 130% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 60.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 18.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.