Crewless Cargo Ships. Summarize the points made in the lecture being sure to explain how they cast doubt on the specific theories presented in the reading passage
The article introduces the topic of crewless ships. Specifically, the writer discusses the advantages of crewless ships over crewed ships. The speaker in the listening passage disagrees. He believes that crewless ships are potentially dangerous and attack each of the claims in the reading.
First, the author began by stating that crewless cargo ships will reduce labor costs for shipping companies. The lecture refutes this claim by saying that in a bid to reduce cost, most ships now operate with a minimum number of crew as crew members cannot be completely removed because of the role they play. He further explains that crew members help to maintain wares and damage on the ship and without crew, the ship that wears out while in transit will remain worn out until it reaches its destination and this is unsafe.
Secondly, the author also claims that crewless ships will be less attractive targets to pirates. Again, the speaker believes that there are flaws in the writer’s logic. He holds that a crewless ship might be less attractive to a low-tech pirate and not to a high-tech pirate as they will be able to hack into the data file of the ship to know what it is carrying and make the ship crash or even control it completely to another location and take their time to gain access into the assumed inaccessible ship.
Lastly, the writer concludes his argument by stating that crewless ships are less likely to have an accident as most accidents that occur on the sea are mainly due to human error. Not surprisingly, the speaker takes issue with this claim and he contends that ships take so long to change course and this is due to their size. Computers may be able to detect rocks and icebergs but control by people is more effective because people anticipate other bad decisions that other people are inclined to make and they react accordingly to avoid accidents that will be difficult for a censored ship to detect.
In conclusion, both the writer and the speaker hold conflicting views about crewless ships. It is clear that they will have a problem finding a common ground on this issue.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
accordingly, also, but, first, if, lastly, may, second, secondly, so, while, in conclusion
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 16.0 10.4613686534 153% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 9.0 5.04856512141 178% => OK
Conjunction : 14.0 7.30242825607 192% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 35.0 22.412803532 156% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 46.0 30.3222958057 152% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1748.0 1373.03311258 127% => OK
No of words: 364.0 270.72406181 134% => OK
Chars per words: 4.8021978022 5.08290768461 94% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.36792674256 4.04702891845 108% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.42442214285 2.5805825403 94% => OK
Unique words: 188.0 145.348785872 129% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.516483516484 0.540411800872 96% => OK
syllable_count: 531.9 419.366225166 127% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 21.2450331126 113% => OK
Sentence length SD: 82.6743544812 49.2860985944 168% => OK
Chars per sentence: 116.533333333 110.228320801 106% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.2666666667 21.698381199 112% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.0 7.06452816374 85% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.199684570157 0.272083759551 73% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0700935030062 0.0996497079465 70% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0372593362036 0.0662205650399 56% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.113274614207 0.162205337803 70% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0364017524653 0.0443174109184 82% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.3 13.3589403974 100% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 55.58 53.8541721854 103% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 11.0289183223 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.86 12.2367328918 89% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.34 8.42419426049 99% => OK
difficult_words: 81.0 63.6247240618 127% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 10.498013245 110% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.