Question Summarise the points made in the lecture being sure to explain how they case doubt on specific points made in the reading passage A recent study reveals that people especially young people are reading far less literature novels plays and poems th | TOEFL IELTS GMAT GRE SAT ACT PTE ESL

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Question : Summarise the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they case doubt on specific points made in the reading passage.
A recent study reveals that people especially young people are reading far less literature—novels, plays, and poems—than they used to. This is troubling because the trend has unfortunate effects for the reading public, for culture in general, and for the future of literature itself.

While there has been a decline in book reading generally, the decline has been especially sharp for literature. This is unfortunate because nothing else provides the intellectual stimulation that literature does. Literature encourages us to exercise our imaginations, empathize with others, and expand our understanding of language. So by reading less literature, the reading public is missing out on important benefits.

Unfortunately, missing out on the benefits of literature is not the only problem. What are people reading instead? Consider the prevalence of self-help books on lists of best sellers. These are usually superficial poorly written, and intellectually undemanding. Additionally, instead of sitting down with a challenging novel, many persons are now more likely to turn on the television, watch a music video, or read a Web page. Clearly, diverting time previously spent in reading literature to trivial forms of entertainment has lowered the level of culture in general.

The trend of reading less literature is all the more regrettable because it is taking place during a period when good literature is being written. There are many talented writers today, but they lack an audience. This fact is bound to lead publishers to invest less in literature and so support fewer serious writers. Thus, the writing as well as the reading of literature is likely to decline because of the poor standards of today's readers

The lecture and the reading are both about decline of reading literature. The author of the article feels that are three explanations for the decreasing in book reading. However, the lecture challenges the claims made by the author. She is of the opinion that these explanations are faulty.

To begin with, the author argues that literature encourages us to exercise our imaginations, empathize with others, and expand our understanding of language. But, this specific argument is rejected by the lecture. She posits that are other manners to exercise our imagination and creativity. Also, she mentioning that the sciences articles and the political analyzes provide intellectual stimulation.

Secondly, the writer posits that turn on the television, watch a music video, or read a Web page are trivial forms of entertainment. In the article, it is said that these styles of entertainment has lowered the level of culture in general. This specific argument is challenged by the lecture. She states that today we have other manners to get culture, such as music and movies.

Finally, the author suggests that the writing as well as the reading of literature is likely to decline because of the poor standards of today's readers. In contrast, the lecture said that this problem occur by the faulty of the authors. Additionally, she states that sometimes is very difficult to understand texts, because the manner of writing is complex.

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Integrated TOEFL Writing

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Essay evaluations by e-grader

Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 303, Rule ID: HE_VERB_AGR[1]
Message: The pronoun 'she' must be used with a third-person verb: 'mentions'.
Suggestion: mentions
...r imagination and creativity. Also, she mentioning that the sciences articles and the pol...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 344, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...entioning that the sciences articles and the political analyzes provide intellect...
^^

Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, however, if, second, secondly, so, well, in contrast, in general, such as, as well as, to begin with

Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments

Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 10.4613686534 115% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 0.0 5.04856512141 0% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 27.0 22.412803532 120% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 30.0 30.3222958057 99% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK

Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1210.0 1373.03311258 88% => OK
No of words: 231.0 270.72406181 85% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.2380952381 5.08290768461 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.89854898053 4.04702891845 96% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.89423645135 2.5805825403 112% => OK
Unique words: 127.0 145.348785872 87% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.549783549784 0.540411800872 102% => OK
syllable_count: 385.2 419.366225166 92% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK

A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 3.25607064018 246% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK

Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 15.0 21.2450331126 71% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 33.0971633561 49.2860985944 67% => OK
Chars per sentence: 80.6666666667 110.228320801 73% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.4 21.698381199 71% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.0 7.06452816374 113% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?

Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0958498951347 0.272083759551 35% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0336834473153 0.0996497079465 34% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.046113937375 0.0662205650399 70% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0597792070345 0.162205337803 37% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0382032852613 0.0443174109184 86% => OK

Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.0 13.3589403974 82% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 47.79 53.8541721854 89% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.82 12.2367328918 105% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.1 8.42419426049 108% => OK
difficult_words: 69.0 63.6247240618 108% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 6.5 10.7273730684 61% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.498013245 76% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?

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It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.

Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.

Essay evaluations by e-grader

Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, however, if, second, secondly, so, well, in contrast, in general, such as, as well as, to begin with

Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments