Question: Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they cast doubt on the specific points made in the reading passage.
The author of the article states that Pterosaurs were incapable of flying by flapping their wings and provides three reasons of support. In contrast, the professor mentions that Pterosaurs possibly were able to fly and repudiates the arguments outlined in the article.
Firstly, the passage states that Pterosaurs like modern reptiles probably were cold-blooded. As a result, they had slow metabolism and not be able to produce enough energy to fly. On the other hand, the lecturer implies that a recent study of fossil of this animal shows that they have fur which help them to maintain their body temperature. Therefore, Pterosaurs were warm-blooded and could generate needed energy to fly.
In addition, the text indicates that Pterosaurs were huge and not be capable to flap their wings to stay in heights. On the contrary, the speaker explains that even though the body frame of Pterosaurs demonstrates that they were heavy, their bones have some hollow in them which proves they have light size.
Finally, the author of the article emphasizes that muscles in back legs of Pterosaurs were weak and small that would not help them to take off rather than birds. However, the professor discusses that Pterosaurs differ from birds, since Pterosaurs walked and ran off by all four limbs, while birds walk with two legs. Therefore, four limbs of Pterosaurs helped them to run fast and launch in order to fly.
Discourse Markers used:
['finally', 'first', 'firstly', 'however', 'if', 'so', 'therefore', 'while', 'in addition', 'in contrast', 'as a result', 'on the contrary', 'on the other hand']
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance in Part of Speech:
Nouns: 0.217054263566 0.261695866417 83% => OK
Verbs: 0.186046511628 0.158904122519 117% => OK
Adjectives: 0.0697674418605 0.0723426182421 96% => OK
Adverbs: 0.0503875968992 0.0435111971325 116% => OK
Pronouns: 0.046511627907 0.0277247811725 168% => OK
Prepositions: 0.143410852713 0.128828473217 111% => OK
Participles: 0.0193798449612 0.0370669169778 52% => OK
Conjunctions: 2.51065739211 2.5805825403 97% => OK
Infinitives: 0.0387596899225 0.0208969081088 185% => Less infinitives wanted.
Particles: 0.0077519379845 0.00154638098197 501% => OK
Determiners: 0.077519379845 0.128158765124 60% => OK
Modal_auxiliary: 0.0077519379845 0.0158828679856 49% => OK
WH_determiners: 0.015503875969 0.0114777025283 135% => OK
Vocabulary words and sentences:
No of characters: 1415.0 1645.83664459 86% => OK
No of words: 234.0 271.125827815 86% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 6.04700854701 6.08160592843 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.91114542567 4.04852973271 97% => OK
words length more than 5 chars: 0.34188034188 0.374372842146 91% => OK
words length more than 6 chars: 0.235042735043 0.287516216867 82% => OK
words length more than 7 chars: 0.192307692308 0.187439937562 103% => OK
words length more than 8 chars: 0.119658119658 0.113142543107 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.51065739211 2.5805825403 97% => OK
Unique words: 133.0 145.348785872 92% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.568376068376 0.539623497131 105% => OK
Word variations: 55.3589819163 53.8517498576 103% => OK
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0529801325 84% => OK
Sentence length: 21.2727272727 21.7502111507 98% => OK
Sentence length SD: 35.4027593826 49.3711431718 72% => OK
Chars per sentence: 128.636363636 132.220823453 97% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.2727272727 21.7502111507 98% => OK
Discourse Markers: 1.18181818182 0.878197800319 135% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 3.39072847682 0% => OK
Readability: 44.777000777 50.5018328374 89% => OK
Elegance: 1.34246575342 1.90840788429 70% => OK
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.281634049036 0.549887131256 51% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence: 0.117932191423 0.142949733639 82% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence SD: 0.0674733509499 0.0787303798458 86% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence: 0.614423547722 0.631733273073 97% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence SD: 0.128219550386 0.139662658121 92% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.145533124655 0.266732575781 55% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0865846978235 0.103435571967 84% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence: 0.37058981709 0.414875509568 89% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence SD: 0.0270573889731 0.0530846634433 51% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.224090444778 0.40443939384 55% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0570661442418 0.0528353158467 108% => OK
Task Achievement:
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.26048565121 70% => OK
Positive topic words: 4.0 3.49668874172 114% => OK
Negative topic words: 2.0 3.62251655629 55% => OK
Neutral topic words: 2.0 3.1766004415 63% => OK
Total topic words: 8.0 10.2958057395 78% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
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Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
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Note: This is not the final score. The e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.