Question: Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they respond to the specific arguments presented in the reading passage.
In 1957 a European silver coin dating to the eleventh century was discovered at a Native American archaeological site in the state of Maine in the United States. Many people believed the coin had been originally brought to North America by European explorers known as the Norse, who traveled across the Atlantic Ocean and came into contact with Native Americans almost a thousand years ago.However, some archaeologists believe that the coin is not a genuine piece of historical evidence but a historical fake; they think that the coin was placed at the site recently by someone who wanted to mislead the public. There are three main reasons why some archaeologists believe that the coin is not genuine historical evidence.Great Distance from Norse SettlementsFirst, the Native American site in Maine where the coin was discovered is located very far from other sites documenting a Norse presence in North America. Remains of Norse settlements have been discovered in far eastern Canada. The distance between the Maine site and the Norse settlements in Canada is more than a thousand kilometers, suggesting the coin has no real connection with the settlements.No Other Coins FoundA second problem is that no other coins have been found at the Canadian sites that were inhabited by the Norse. This suggests that the Norse did not bring any silver coins with them to their North American settlements.No Use for European CoinsThird, the Norse who traveled to North America would have understood that silver coins would most likely be useless to them. Silver coins may have been in wide use in Europe at the time, but the Norse, as experienced explorers, would have known that native North Americans did not recognize silver coins as money.
The speaker and the author hold divergent attitude towards whether the recently discovered silver coin is genuine historical evidence or not. The writer puts forward that there are three main reasons that can explain why some archaeologists believe that the coin is not genuine. However, the professor presents her refutation in the lecture.
First, it is said in the reading material that the place where the coin was discovered as located very far away from sites documenting Norse presence, and thus there is no connection between the coins and the settlements. To rebut the idea, the lecture suggests that Native Americans who lived in main sites may travel to other places and attain objects from those places and then brought them back to the main site. The reality is that many other objects are found very far away from the documented settlements of the Norse, not only the silver coins.
Second, even though the reading passage proposes that no other coins have been found at the Canadian sites that were inhabited by the Norse, the professor maintains that the Canadian sites were not permanent. It is likely that the Norse came back to Europe and packed up all the possessions including the silver coins. Therefore, the reason why no other coins have been found is not that there is no coin being brought to North America, but is that those coins in the Canadian sites were taken back to Europe with the Norse.
Third, the author of the reading indicates that there is no use for the Norse to bring the silver coins when traveling to North America, whereas, the lecturer contends that the coins may be very appealing to Native Americans. They may find them really beautiful and can be used as decorations in necklace and other jewelries, and thus would like to trade with the Norse using their own things. Thus, the assumption of the author is severely weakened.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, however, if, may, really, second, so, then, therefore, third, thus, whereas
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 22.0 10.4613686534 210% => Less to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 11.0 7.30242825607 151% => OK
Relative clauses : 17.0 12.0772626932 141% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 22.412803532 103% => OK
Preposition: 28.0 30.3222958057 92% => OK
Nominalization: 5.0 5.01324503311 100% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1562.0 1373.03311258 114% => OK
No of words: 321.0 270.72406181 119% => OK
Chars per words: 4.86604361371 5.08290768461 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.23278547379 4.04702891845 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.35718317824 2.5805825403 91% => OK
Unique words: 160.0 145.348785872 110% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.498442367601 0.540411800872 92% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 482.4 419.366225166 115% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 26.0 21.2450331126 122% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 56.0898956042 49.2860985944 114% => OK
Chars per sentence: 130.166666667 110.228320801 118% => OK
Words per sentence: 26.75 21.698381199 123% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.25 7.06452816374 103% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.166198464507 0.272083759551 61% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0593277903491 0.0996497079465 60% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0373065892136 0.0662205650399 56% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0995950888347 0.162205337803 61% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.00871858009813 0.0443174109184 20% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.9 13.3589403974 112% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 53.55 53.8541721854 99% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.3 11.0289183223 112% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.26 12.2367328918 92% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.12 8.42419426049 96% => OK
difficult_words: 65.0 63.6247240618 102% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.5 10.7273730684 107% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.4 10.498013245 118% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.