summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenge the points that why critics have opposed the idea that Sinosauropteryx was feathered dinosaurmentioned in the reading passage
In the reading passage, the author discusses that critics have opposed the idea that Sinosauropteryx was feathered dinosaur with several reasons, while the lecture claims that what the passage state is not convincing and disputes those ideas presented in the passage with several proofs.
Firstly, according to the reading passage, it is suggested that the fine lines may be the structures that were formed after the animals's death since their skin may have decomposed into fibers and then bacame preserved as lines in the fossil. In contrast, the professor argues in the lecture that it is not true. From the decomposition of other animals at the same site, scientists found well-preserved fossils that equally contained feather structure, which means that those animals also possesed feathers.
In addition, the statement in the reading material indicates that some critics argue that the lines surrounding the skeleton are much more likely to be fossilized remains of frills than remains of feathers. On the contrary, the professor points out that the frills and feathers have different chemical compositions. The feather contains a special protein such as beta-keratin, but the grill does not have this material. Therefore, the fact that the Sinosauropteryx structures, namely fine lines, contained beta-keratin indicates that they were featehrs.
Finally, the author of the reading claims that the usual functions of featehrs are to help animals fly or regulate their internal temperature. However, the Sinosauropteryx's fossil structures located along the backbone and the tail, which indicates the structures were quite useless for light and of very limited use in thermoregulation. The speaker argues that these structures may have other use called display function. For example, the bird displays colourful features in the tail to attract a mate. Recent analysis shows that line structure were orange and white. the colourful structures of the Sinosauropteryx could lead to the point that they might be feathers used for display.
Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 4, column 568, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: The
...t line structure were orange and white. the colourful structures of the Sinosauropt...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, first, firstly, however, if, may, so, then, therefore, well, while, for example, in addition, in contrast, such as, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 10.4613686534 124% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 19.0 12.0772626932 157% => OK
Pronoun: 27.0 22.412803532 120% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 31.0 30.3222958057 102% => OK
Nominalization: 5.0 5.01324503311 100% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1726.0 1373.03311258 126% => OK
No of words: 315.0 270.72406181 116% => OK
Chars per words: 5.47936507937 5.08290768461 108% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.21286593061 4.04702891845 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.90716354876 2.5805825403 113% => OK
Unique words: 178.0 145.348785872 122% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.565079365079 0.540411800872 105% => OK
syllable_count: 532.8 419.366225166 127% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 6.0 2.5761589404 233% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 66.6296878735 49.2860985944 135% => OK
Chars per sentence: 123.285714286 110.228320801 112% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.5 21.698381199 104% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.7857142857 7.06452816374 153% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.234517888324 0.272083759551 86% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0725976819005 0.0996497079465 73% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0745987436686 0.0662205650399 113% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.144264244403 0.162205337803 89% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0711476830751 0.0443174109184 161% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.6 13.3589403974 117% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 40.69 53.8541721854 76% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.1 11.0289183223 119% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.8 12.2367328918 121% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.19 8.42419426049 109% => OK
difficult_words: 89.0 63.6247240618 140% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 18.0 10.7273730684 168% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 4, column 568, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: The
...t line structure were orange and white. the colourful structures of the Sinosauropt...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, first, firstly, however, if, may, so, then, therefore, well, while, for example, in addition, in contrast, such as, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 10.4613686534 124% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 19.0 12.0772626932 157% => OK
Pronoun: 27.0 22.412803532 120% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 31.0 30.3222958057 102% => OK
Nominalization: 5.0 5.01324503311 100% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1726.0 1373.03311258 126% => OK
No of words: 315.0 270.72406181 116% => OK
Chars per words: 5.47936507937 5.08290768461 108% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.21286593061 4.04702891845 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.90716354876 2.5805825403 113% => OK
Unique words: 178.0 145.348785872 122% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.565079365079 0.540411800872 105% => OK
syllable_count: 532.8 419.366225166 127% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 6.0 2.5761589404 233% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 66.6296878735 49.2860985944 135% => OK
Chars per sentence: 123.285714286 110.228320801 112% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.5 21.698381199 104% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.7857142857 7.06452816374 153% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.234517888324 0.272083759551 86% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0725976819005 0.0996497079465 73% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0745987436686 0.0662205650399 113% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.144264244403 0.162205337803 89% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0711476830751 0.0443174109184 161% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.6 13.3589403974 117% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 40.69 53.8541721854 76% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.1 11.0289183223 119% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.8 12.2367328918 121% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.19 8.42419426049 109% => OK
difficult_words: 89.0 63.6247240618 140% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 18.0 10.7273730684 168% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.