Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenge the specific theories presented in the reading passage.
The lecture and the reading are both about the source of strange sounds heard by Russian submarines in a period of the last century. The reading feels that there are mainly three reasons might make the noise. The lecturer casts doubt on the claims made by the article. She says that the reliability of the reasons is not good.
First of all, the author states that orcas may make noise when trying to find mates, and the sounds are similar to the sounds detected by submarines. The lecturer rebuts the argument. She says that this kind of orcas live in the surface of the ocean, but the submarines are often located in the deep ocean. As a result, the sounds made by orcas should not be detected by sonar.
Secondly, the author believes that a kind of giant marine named giant squid could cause sounds. It argues that giant squids have soft bodies, so it is hard to detect their sounds. The lecturer thinks giant squids are always living in this area, but the odd sounds were only detected in a certain period of time.
Finally, the author claims that foreign submarines which are designed to be undetectable emitted those sounds. This point, on the other hand, is challenged by the lecturer. She states that the source of sounds changes direction speedily. Since submarines could not be so fast and silent, this is highly unlikely the cause of the sounds.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 210, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...nly three reasons might make the noise. The lecturer casts doubt on the claims made...
^^^
Line 5, column 297, Rule ID: PERIOD_OF_TIME[1]
Message: Use simply 'period'.
Suggestion: period
... sounds were only detected in a certain period of time. Finally, the author claims that for...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, first, may, second, secondly, so, kind of, as a result, first of all, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 10.4613686534 134% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 10.0 12.0772626932 83% => OK
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 29.0 30.3222958057 96% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1126.0 1373.03311258 82% => OK
No of words: 240.0 270.72406181 89% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.69166666667 5.08290768461 92% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.93597934253 4.04702891845 97% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.20528090929 2.5805825403 85% => OK
Unique words: 122.0 145.348785872 84% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.508333333333 0.540411800872 94% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 336.6 419.366225166 80% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 16.0 21.2450331126 75% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 32.5790662168 49.2860985944 66% => OK
Chars per sentence: 75.0666666667 110.228320801 68% => OK
Words per sentence: 16.0 21.698381199 74% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.73333333333 7.06452816374 95% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 8.0 4.27373068433 187% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.110680226341 0.272083759551 41% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0444265951978 0.0996497079465 45% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0445125660959 0.0662205650399 67% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0690778856752 0.162205337803 43% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0374747882138 0.0443174109184 85% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 8.7 13.3589403974 65% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 72.16 53.8541721854 134% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 7.2 11.0289183223 65% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 9.63 12.2367328918 79% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.26 8.42419426049 86% => OK
difficult_words: 43.0 63.6247240618 68% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 6.5 10.7273730684 61% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.4 10.498013245 80% => OK
text_standard: 7.0 11.2008830022 62% => The average readability is low. Need to imporve the language.
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 61.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 18.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.