These days if you pick up a newspaper or turn on the TV or radio you may hear or read about the advantages of driverless cars also called self driving or autonomous cars The technology is simple to understand using sensors and computers these cars can dri | TOEFL IELTS GMAT GRE SAT ACT PTE ESL

Essay topics:

These days, if you pick up a newspaper or turn on the TV or radio, you may hear or
read about the advantages of driverless cars, also called self-driving or autonomous
cars. The technology is simple to understand: using sensors and computers, these
cars can drive without input from a human. This might sound like science fiction, but
such vehicles are already on our roads and they will have a positive impact on our
driving experience.
Traffic accidents are a leading cause of injuries and fatalities in the United States,
and studies show that most crashes are caused by human error. The software that
runs driverless cars is not capable of making mistakes. As a result, such vehicles will
be much safer. One technology company has a self-driving car that has driven for
over 700,000 miles – over one million kilometers – without an accident: a better
record than all but the best human drivers.
In addition, self-driving vehicles are good for the environment because they drive
more efficiently. On a typical journey within a city, drivers deal with urban traffic by
stopping and starting their engines repeatedly. This type of driving means engines
work less efficiently and this causes a lot of pollution. Driverless cars, on the other
hand, can communicate with other vehicles, which will reduce traffic problems.
Autonomous cars will be able to start and stop their engines less often and travel at
higher speeds.
Finally, autonomous cars will give passengers time. Instead of having to focus on
driving, human occupants can focus on other things. The average time for
commuting to and from work in the United States is about thirty minutes each way.
Instead of using this time to focus on the road, passengers in driverless cars can
read, watch videos or catch up on work.

The reading and the lecture are both about the impact of driverless cars on modern human lives. The author of the reading is of the opinion that automated cars would help people in an immense way and have a positive impact on our lives. The lecturer challenges the claims made by the author. He is of the opinion that there are many disadvantages of using self-driving cars and they need to be given importance.
To begin with, the author of the passage argues that the traffic accidents can be avoided with the use of self-driving cars as they are run by software that makes no error unlike humans. The article mentions the example of a self-driving that made headlines by travelling a record breaking 70,000 miles on its own without any accident. This specific argument is challenged by the lecturer. He says, the software of the automated cars is human made and any error made would be a treat for accidents. Additionally, he says that the car that drove 70,000 miles without accident was actually hit by a truck last month. This shows that even self-driving cars are prone to accidents.
Secondly, the author suggests that automated cars are capable of communicating with other cars on the road and can avoid the traffic jams. In the article it is said that less traffic jams would lead to efficient driving and less air pollution. The lecturer, however, rebuts this by mentioning that the rise of self-driving cars would eventually make more people use cars without any age restrictions. He elaborates on this by bringing up the point that more cars on the road would increase the pollution and contradicts the claims by the author.
Finally, the author posits that people can get time to do other activities like reading, watching videos instead of focusing on the road when they use driverless cars. Moreover, in the article it is stated that the commute of citizens would be a lot more entertaining. In contrast, the lecturer position is that driverless cars would take away the joy of driving and would disappoint the people who love to drive to relax their minds. He notes that the trend of automated cars will make commuting a mundane task of watching mobiles and gadgets which people do all the day.

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Integrated TOEFL Writing

Comments

Essay evaluations by e-grader

Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 179, Rule ID: IN_A_X_MANNER[1]
Message: Consider replacing "in an immense way" with adverb for "immense"; eg, "in a hasty manner" with "hastily".
...n that automated cars would help people in an immense way and have a positive impact on our lives...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 1, column 238, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...nd have a positive impact on our lives. The lecturer challenges the claims made by ...
^^^
Line 4, column 211, Rule ID: A_INFINITVE[1]
Message: Probably a wrong construction: a/the + infinitive
...eover, in the article it is stated that the commute of citizens would be a lot more enterta...
^^^^^^^^^^^

Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, but, finally, however, if, moreover, second, secondly, so, in contrast, to begin with

Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments

Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 17.0 10.4613686534 163% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 13.0 5.04856512141 257% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 9.0 7.30242825607 123% => OK
Relative clauses : 19.0 12.0772626932 157% => OK
Pronoun: 33.0 22.412803532 147% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 51.0 30.3222958057 168% => OK
Nominalization: 5.0 5.01324503311 100% => OK

Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1834.0 1373.03311258 134% => OK
No of words: 383.0 270.72406181 141% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.78851174935 5.08290768461 94% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.42384287591 4.04702891845 109% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.62659551802 2.5805825403 102% => OK
Unique words: 181.0 145.348785872 125% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.472584856397 0.540411800872 87% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 567.9 419.366225166 135% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK

A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 3.25607064018 215% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK

Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 37.9074978739 49.2860985944 77% => OK
Chars per sentence: 101.888888889 110.228320801 92% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.2777777778 21.698381199 98% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.27777777778 7.06452816374 75% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 4.33554083885 208% => Less positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?

Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.235276956901 0.272083759551 86% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0851105648121 0.0996497079465 85% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0591672293001 0.0662205650399 89% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.161327595707 0.162205337803 99% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.029933353568 0.0443174109184 68% => OK

Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.8 13.3589403974 88% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 58.62 53.8541721854 109% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.5 12.2367328918 86% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.06 8.42419426049 96% => OK
difficult_words: 82.0 63.6247240618 129% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?

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Write the essay in 20 minutes.

Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.

Essay evaluations by e-grader

Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, but, finally, however, if, moreover, second, secondly, so, in contrast, to begin with

Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments