These days, if you pick up a newspaper or turn on the TV or radio, you may hear or
read about the advantages of driverless cars, also called self-driving or autonomous
cars. The technology is simple to understand: using sensors and computers, these
cars can drive without input from a human. This might sound like science fiction, but
such vehicles are already on our roads and they will have a positive impact on our
driving experience.
Traffic accidents are a leading cause of injuries and fatalities in the United States,
and studies show that most crashes are caused by human error. The software that
runs driverless cars is not capable of making mistakes. As a result, such vehicles will
be much safer. One technology company has a self-driving car that has driven for
over 700,000 miles – over one million kilometers – without an accident: a better
record than all but the best human drivers.
In addition, self-driving vehicles are good for the environment because they drive
more efficiently. On a typical journey within a city, drivers deal with urban traffic by
stopping and starting their engines repeatedly. This type of driving means engines
work less efficiently and this causes a lot of pollution. Driverless cars, on the other
hand, can communicate with other vehicles, which will reduce traffic problems.
Autonomous cars will be able to start and stop their engines less often and travel at
higher speeds.
Finally, autonomous cars will give passengers time. Instead of having to focus on
driving, human occupants can focus on other things. The average time for
commuting to and from work in the United States is about thirty minutes each way.
Instead of using this time to focus on the road, passengers in driverless cars can
read, watch videos, or catch up on work.
After you listen to the passage, answer the question.
Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they cast doubt on the specific
points made in the reading passage.
You have 20 minutes to plan and write your response.
Both the reading and the lecture discuss about a driverless cars. While the reading says that driverless cars will have positive impact and many advantages, the lecture disagrees. For that opinion the professor from the lecture gives some examples.
First, the reding claims that the new driverless cars will operates without human input, cars will operate using computers and sensors and it will reduce accidents. However, the lecture insists that all softwares and computers are made by humans. So, there is still chance of a human error. In fact, the lecture provide recent example of accident of a driverless car which was runing around for quite while without any crash till last month were it was involved in accident.
Secondly, the reading asserts that use of driverless car will reduce the air pollution as computer will drive car more efficently. In contrast, the lecture argues that more people will buy the driverless car, because young kids won’t need licence to drive. Therefore, numbers of cars on road will increase which result in more pollution.
Finally, the reading states that driverless car allow people to enjoy free time in car. On the other hand, the lecture points out that people enjoy driving and with new cars they will waste time watching videos while in car.
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 60, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[1]
Message: The verb 'will' requires the base form of the verb: 'operate'
Suggestion: operate
...laims that the new driverless cars will operates without human input, cars will operate ...
^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 442, Rule ID: WERE_VBB[1]
Message: Did you mean 'where' or 'we'?
Suggestion: where; we
...while without any crash till last month were it was involved in accident. Secondl...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
finally, first, however, second, secondly, so, still, therefore, while, in contrast, in fact, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 5.0 10.4613686534 48% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 5.04856512141 198% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 10.0 12.0772626932 83% => OK
Pronoun: 11.0 22.412803532 49% => OK
Preposition: 24.0 30.3222958057 79% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1089.0 1373.03311258 79% => OK
No of words: 214.0 270.72406181 79% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.08878504673 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.82475343497 4.04702891845 95% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.30692089317 2.5805825403 89% => OK
Unique words: 125.0 145.348785872 86% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.584112149533 0.540411800872 108% => OK
syllable_count: 331.2 419.366225166 79% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 0.0 3.25607064018 0% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 40.8380099363 49.2860985944 83% => OK
Chars per sentence: 90.75 110.228320801 82% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.8333333333 21.698381199 82% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.25 7.06452816374 131% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.245080092021 0.272083759551 90% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.103619022974 0.0996497079465 104% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0721379076823 0.0662205650399 109% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.165991106398 0.162205337803 102% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0370032473197 0.0443174109184 83% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.5 13.3589403974 86% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 62.68 53.8541721854 116% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.7 11.0289183223 79% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.95 12.2367328918 98% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.24 8.42419426049 98% => OK
difficult_words: 51.0 63.6247240618 80% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 6.5 10.7273730684 61% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 75.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.5 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.