Both the author of the reading and the lecturer discuss the possible causes of the Little Ice Age. The author gives three reasons of support whereas the professor thinks that they are out of date because scientists, now, have more information about this topic.
First off, the reading claims that one of the reasons for the Little Ice Age is Gulf Stream. He states that melted ice caused Gulf Stream to get cold resulting in the Little Ice Age. The lecturer, however, points out that Gulf Stream caused the Little Ice Age only in Europe and America but there were also the Little Ice Age in Northern countries like New Zealand. Thus, the Gulf Stream cannot explain the actual cause.
The passage also contends that volcanic eruptions were another causes of the Little Ice Age since gases released from volcanoes covered the great area in the sky and prevented sunlight from reaching to the Earth surface that resulted in a decrease in global temperature. The speaker, on the other hand, rejects this point by explaining that if the gases covered such a large area, it would be noticed and reported by people. Therefore, volcanoes cannot be strong enough reasons for the Little Ice Age.
Lastly, the article states that a decrease in the human population might cause the Little Ice Age indirectly. He says that since people did not cut trees that absorb CO2, which causes global warming, global temperature decreased. The professor refutes this by explaining that there would be not enough time to occur this effect because people were soon going to probably cut trees down for crops or cultivation.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, however, if, lastly, so, therefore, thus, whereas, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 30.0 30.3222958057 99% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1336.0 1373.03311258 97% => OK
No of words: 272.0 270.72406181 100% => OK
Chars per words: 4.91176470588 5.08290768461 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.06108636974 4.04702891845 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.27779829043 2.5805825403 88% => OK
Unique words: 148.0 145.348785872 102% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.544117647059 0.540411800872 101% => OK
syllable_count: 414.0 419.366225166 99% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 57.5543221661 49.2860985944 117% => OK
Chars per sentence: 111.333333333 110.228320801 101% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.6666666667 21.698381199 104% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.16666666667 7.06452816374 101% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.42832263642 0.272083759551 157% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.17406621424 0.0996497079465 175% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.100848670526 0.0662205650399 152% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.251573667269 0.162205337803 155% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0588227812251 0.0443174109184 133% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.0 13.3589403974 97% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 57.61 53.8541721854 107% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.7 11.0289183223 97% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.49 12.2367328918 94% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.21 8.42419426049 97% => OK
difficult_words: 60.0 63.6247240618 94% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 83 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.