The reading passage discusses the claims by critics that the Sinosauropteryx was not a feathered animal. The lecturer, however, is of the opinion that the views presented in the passage are unconvincing and presents the following reasons for the same.
Firstly, the reading suggests that the skin fibers formed after decomposition under volcanic ash were preserved as lines in the fossil; these lines were misinterpreted as evidence of feathers. Nevertheless, the lecturer highlights the fact that the lines are not a result of decomposition of the animal skin as well as no such decomposition is observed in the fossil of other animals buried at the same site. Fossils of other animals buried at the site have been found to have well preserved functional skin structure in volcanic ash making it likely that the well preserved structural lines of the dinosaur represent feathers.
Secondly, the reading contends the fine lines are remains of real structures of a Sinosauropteryx, scientists cannot tell with certainty what part of the dinosaur’s anatomy the structures were. Many dinosaurs had frills, ornamental fan-shaped structures growing out of some parts of their bodies. Conversely, the lecturer claims that frills and feather vary in chemical composition. A chemical analysis showing the presence of protein beta-carotene in feather (which feather contain in large amounts) and absence of same in the frills proves that dinosaur structure's represent feather, instead of frills.
Finally, the passage asserts that the usual functions of feathers are to help animals fly or regulate their internal temperature. On the contrary, the lecturer believes that animals feathers have more function in addition to flight and thermoregulation. Like for example peacock which has long feathers and uses display function of its color in the tail to attract its male peacock. Likewise, after an analysis it showed that the dinosaur structure is colorful representing orange and white, supporting the idea that it used the feather to display.
In conclusion, although the reading and the lecture are about Sinosauropteryx being a feathered dinosaur or not, the three main points made by the reading are effectively challenged by the lecturer.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
conversely, finally, first, firstly, however, likewise, nevertheless, second, secondly, so, well, for example, in addition, in conclusion, as well as, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 10.4613686534 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 7.30242825607 123% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 44.0 30.3222958057 145% => OK
Nominalization: 11.0 5.01324503311 219% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1903.0 1373.03311258 139% => OK
No of words: 349.0 270.72406181 129% => OK
Chars per words: 5.45272206304 5.08290768461 107% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.32221490584 4.04702891845 107% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.04795647437 2.5805825403 118% => OK
Unique words: 185.0 145.348785872 127% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.530085959885 0.540411800872 98% => OK
syllable_count: 593.1 419.366225166 141% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 21.2450331126 113% => OK
Sentence length SD: 45.8716043063 49.2860985944 93% => OK
Chars per sentence: 135.928571429 110.228320801 123% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.9285714286 21.698381199 115% => OK
Discourse Markers: 11.8571428571 7.06452816374 168% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 4.33554083885 161% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.529354881395 0.272083759551 195% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.166899533242 0.0996497079465 167% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.119262673903 0.0662205650399 180% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.229209622083 0.162205337803 141% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.135468109272 0.0443174109184 306% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.7 13.3589403974 125% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 38.66 53.8541721854 72% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.8 11.0289183223 125% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.63 12.2367328918 120% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.31 8.42419426049 111% => OK
difficult_words: 99.0 63.6247240618 156% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.5 10.7273730684 135% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 10.498013245 110% => OK
text_standard: 15.0 11.2008830022 134% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.