At first glance, the Amburg's Chamber of Commerce president presents a logical argument in favor of increased lighting in the city to combat crime and revitalize declining neighborhoods. Upon closer inspection, there are several glaring holes in his argument due to a lack of supporting evidence for his auxiliary claims. In order to make a sound decision about lighting in Amburg, city officials require additional evidence to confirm or deny the president's conclusions.
The first piece of evidence that would be useful to make an informed decision is data indicating that the decline in vandalism in Belleville can actually be attributed to their new high-intensity lighting. There are many potential factors that could have led to this reduction in crime, and it is unclear if Belleville took any additional measures to prevent such crimes. For example, it is possible that the increase in lighting was coupled with an increased police presence in the district. It would also be very helpful to have access to overall change in vandalism throughout the city; it is possible that the new lighting deterred vandals in that district, but simply redirected their efforts to easier targets throughout the city. If the entire city is equally illuminated, it is unclear that the vandals will cease their activity without knowledge about this overall vandalism rate.
Furthermore, the president needs to provide evidence that increased lighting is the most efficient use of resources to stop crimes such as vandalism. If police officers are patrolling the area by bicycle, it is highly likely that they are only present during daylight hours, while vandalism often occurs at night. It might be more beneficial to increase police presence in the area at all hours. Similarly, no data are presented regarding the overall crime rate in the business district. While the police are ineffective in reducing the vandalism rate in that region, they might have had a positive impact on the occurrence of other criminal activities.
Finally, in order to evaluate the president's claims, it is necessary to have evidence that increased lighting would reduce the overall crime rate in the city, and that such crimes are the root cause of declining neighborhoods in Amburg. Even if convincing evidence is provided to support increased lighting is an effective way to stop vandalism, additional data are required to indicate that increased lighting would reduce the overall crime rate. Figures about the current overall crime rate in Amburg would also be beneficial in evaluating the given argument. It is unclear what the president means by a "declining neighborhood," and without concrete evidence indicating rampant criminal activity, it is possible that these areas are simply perceived badly because they are inhabited by people with little financial wealth because of economic factors.
The president's argument is reasonably well presented, but lacks concrete evidence needed to make an informed decision about different avenues to prevent crime in Amburg and reinvigorate rundown neighborhoods. Without further study, the city would not be justified in spending taxpayer dollars on additional lighting sources.
Essay evaluation report
argument 1 -- OK
argument 2 -- OK
argument 3 -- OK
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Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 5.0 out of 6
Category: Very Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 19 15
No. of Words: 502 350
No. of Characters: 2654 1500
No. of Different Words: 229 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.733 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.287 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.762 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 215 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 180 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 134 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 73 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 26.421 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 8.074 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.737 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.341 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.555 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.084 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 7, column 605, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'an' instead of 'a' if the following word starts with a vowel sound, e.g. 'an article', 'an hour'
Suggestion: an
... is unclear what the president means by a 'declining neighborhood,' and...
^
Line 7, column 635, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , &apos
... means by a 'declining neighborhood,' and without concrete evidence indicati...
^^^^^^
Line 9, column 5, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'presidents'' or 'president's'?
Suggestion: presidents'; president's
...lth because of economic factors. The presidents argument is reasonably well presented, ...
^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, but, finally, first, furthermore, if, regarding, similarly, so, well, while, for example, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 31.0 19.6327345309 158% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 11.0 12.9520958084 85% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 11.1786427146 72% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 13.6137724551 103% => OK
Pronoun: 35.0 28.8173652695 121% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 74.0 55.5748502994 133% => OK
Nominalization: 17.0 16.3942115768 104% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2718.0 2260.96107784 120% => OK
No of words: 502.0 441.139720559 114% => OK
Chars per words: 5.41434262948 5.12650576532 106% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.7334296765 4.56307096286 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.8954441949 2.78398813304 104% => OK
Unique words: 240.0 204.123752495 118% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.478087649402 0.468620217663 102% => OK
syllable_count: 882.9 705.55239521 125% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.8 1.59920159681 113% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 10.0 4.96107784431 202% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 5.0 8.76447105788 57% => OK
Subordination: 5.0 2.70958083832 185% => OK
Conjunction: 5.0 1.67365269461 299% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 5.0 4.22255489022 118% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 19.7664670659 96% => OK
Sentence length: 26.0 22.8473053892 114% => OK
Sentence length SD: 54.6618413293 57.8364921388 95% => OK
Chars per sentence: 143.052631579 119.503703932 120% => OK
Words per sentence: 26.4210526316 23.324526521 113% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.94736842105 5.70786347227 104% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 5.25449101796 57% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 8.20758483034 73% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 12.0 6.88822355289 174% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 1.0 4.67664670659 21% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.183570043797 0.218282227539 84% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0600653370918 0.0743258471296 81% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0387567719837 0.0701772020484 55% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.106112700665 0.128457276422 83% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0289514578238 0.0628817314937 46% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 17.3 14.3799401198 120% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 28.17 48.3550499002 58% => Flesch_reading_ease is low.
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 15.8 12.197005988 130% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.39 12.5979740519 114% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.33 8.32208582834 112% => OK
difficult_words: 140.0 98.500998004 142% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 12.3882235529 113% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.4 11.1389221557 111% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.9071856287 118% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.