The following appeared in a memorandum from the manager of WWAC radio station.
"To reverse a decline in listener numbers, our owners have decided that WWAC must change from its current rock-music format. The decline has occurred despite population growth in our listening area, but that growth has resulted mainly from people moving here after their retirement. We must make listeners of these new residents. We could switch to a music format tailored to their tastes, but a continuing decline in local sales of recorded music suggests limited interest in music. Instead we should change to a news and talk format, a form of radio that is increasingly popular in our area."
The manager of the WWAC radio station recommends that to attract the newly moved residents, the said radio must change its format into news or talks from its rock-based. The manager stated that there is a decline interest in music, given that a decline in local sales of recorded music keeps progressing. However, the proposition is flawed and in need of three evidence to support it.
To begin, it is not proven that the new residents are avid listeners of the radio. The manager encourages the radio in his memorandum to turn the residents into listeners of WWAC. On the other hand, it is possible that they may not have access to radios in the first place. Moreover, there is a potential that even if they have access to a radio, they might not prefer it as means of entertainment. Hence, changing the format would do little in increasing the total number of WWAC listeners.
Secondly, the manager assumes that the residents are interested in the said format. It is stated that the format (news or talk) is popular in the area. However, we know that the residents are just moved in, and are new to the area. Perhaps, in the region where they came from rock-music is popular. Remembering that they are retired; it is possible that the classic rock period is when they are still young.
Furthermore, the manager assumes the decline of local sales in music records is an evidence of a disinterest in music. More importantly, it is unclear whether the sales are made by the new residents. There is a potential that they tune in to music streaming platform, which shows they are interested in music; and the local sales in music is not a strong evidence. Therefore, the suggestion would not prove effective.
In conclusion, the argument is flawed due to its dependency to several unwarranted facts. If the manager is able to show the three evidence above true, perhaps by doing more research or niche survey. Then, it is possible to evaluate the viability of changing WWAC’s format.
Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 2 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 6 2
No. of Sentences: 20 15
No. of Words: 345 350
No. of Characters: 1589 1500
No. of Different Words: 155 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.31 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.606 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.487 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 99 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 77 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 51 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 34 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 17.25 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 5.611 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.6 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.305 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.535 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.059 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Transition Words or Phrases used:
first, furthermore, hence, however, if, may, moreover, second, secondly, still, then, therefore, in conclusion, in the first place, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 25.0 19.6327345309 127% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 12.9520958084 46% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 11.1786427146 54% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 15.0 13.6137724551 110% => OK
Pronoun: 33.0 28.8173652695 115% => OK
Preposition: 46.0 55.5748502994 83% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 16.3942115768 55% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1650.0 2260.96107784 73% => OK
No of words: 345.0 441.139720559 78% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.78260869565 5.12650576532 93% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.3097767484 4.56307096286 94% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.60986447246 2.78398813304 94% => OK
Unique words: 162.0 204.123752495 79% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.469565217391 0.468620217663 100% => OK
syllable_count: 524.7 705.55239521 74% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 4.96107784431 161% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.76447105788 103% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 2.70958083832 37% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 4.22255489022 95% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 20.0 19.7664670659 101% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 22.8473053892 74% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 30.3484348855 57.8364921388 52% => The essay contains lots of sentences with the similar length. More sentence varieties wanted.
Chars per sentence: 82.5 119.503703932 69% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.25 23.324526521 74% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.45 5.70786347227 131% => OK
Paragraphs: 6.0 5.15768463074 116% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 5.25449101796 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 13.0 8.20758483034 158% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 6.88822355289 44% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.67664670659 86% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.308900318172 0.218282227539 142% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.084424653559 0.0743258471296 114% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0793495804195 0.0701772020484 113% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.156081783219 0.128457276422 122% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0865425506601 0.0628817314937 138% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 9.7 14.3799401198 67% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 62.68 48.3550499002 130% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.7 12.197005988 71% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.15 12.5979740519 81% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.91 8.32208582834 95% => OK
difficult_words: 75.0 98.500998004 76% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 12.3882235529 85% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 11.1389221557 79% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.9071856287 76% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.