The following appeared as part of an article in a business magazine.
"A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
The prompt urges that - a business, aspiring success, should hire the people who need only 6 hours of sleep per night. The logical flaws of this argument are implicit in the assumptions of the excerpt from the business magazine -
1. The success deciding factors of the compared businesses are of same except the sleeping hours of the executives.
2. The people, needing less sleep hours will work more effectively, resulting faster growth of their business.
3. Disregarding the calibar of the individuals - each and every one will work in same or alternate way.
Before coming to any conclusions these assumptions are to be cleared of.
To begin with - it is believed by the auhtor of the magazine that people who need less sleep will work more efficiently comopared to that of the other ones needing more sleeping hours. What the author is pressuming is that the employees; needing less sleeping hours will work more because they need less sleep or they work work over time compared to the other ones, needing greater than 6 hours of sleeping. But what is the guarantee that the people will work overtime or work more even if they have less time to sleep? They can enjoy their reduced sleeping time with their family or they can work on their ownselves, not necessarily for the business they are working. So it will be a clear logical flaw if we assume that less sleeping hours will make an executive more productive - resulting prosper of the business; at least from this point of view.
Then it comes to disregarding the calibar of individual executives, that is to say - the author assumes that only less hours of sleep will make the executives more productive and conducive to higher profits for the business. Bu the author is missing a point here. That is - every executives are not necessarily be of same kind. There are might be some of the executives whose working ability increases if they are provided with necessary sleeping hours. There might be some who need adequate mental refreshment or comparbly more resting periods than other to upshot better output; even more than those of less sleepers. If the business judge the potential executives based on the average of sleeping hours needed for an executives then it might risk its proper recruitment and might not help itself with more efficient executives that the business actually needed.
Apart from that - it is said that the study has been conducted only upon a group of 300 people consisting of female and male. Is it sufficient enough as an evidence to come to such an conclusion? What if the research has been conducted only on similar types of business that require less hours of sleep and is opting out the other types of business farms that might require adequate sleeping hours of their executives. For instance - the sleeping hours of a nightguard posting farm or customer care service will not be same as that of a driving support agency. Obviously the customer care executives will have people having sleep hours compared to that of the driving agency. Does that mean the driving agency will have less profit compared to the customer care service? Of course not. The profits will depend on the customer management, working proficiency and viability of the respective companies. So, it might not be a great idea to generalize the statement that "a business" will require to hire people needing less than 6 hours of sleep.
So, looking at all the arguments and critical remarks from aforementioned views and factors, deciding the profits of the business, taking into count - it is on the safer side to say that much evidence and clarification are required before coming to any conclusion regarding the strategy of a business of hiring executives.
Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 9 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 8 2
No. of Sentences: 30 15
No. of Words: 631 350
No. of Characters: 3021 1500
No. of Different Words: 247 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 5.012 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.788 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.522 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 200 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 157 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 113 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 61 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 21.033 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 12.4 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.4 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.281 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.492 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.089 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 7 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 230, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...the excerpt from the business magazine - 1. The success deciding factors of the c...
^^^^^
Line 3, column 4, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...rpt from the business magazine - 1. The success deciding factors of the compare...
^^^
Line 4, column 3, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...e sleeping hours of the executives. 2. The people, needing less sleep hours will w...
^^^
Line 5, column 49, Rule ID: EACH_AND_EVERY[1]
Message: Consider using 'each one'.
Suggestion: each one
...arding the calibar of the individuals - each and every one will work in same or alternate way. ...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 1, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “Before” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
... will work in same or alternate way. Before coming to any conclusions these assumpt...
^^^^^^
Line 9, column 319, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: work
...re because they need less sleep or they work work over time compared to the other ones, n...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 11, column 115, Rule ID: LESS_DOLLARSMINUTESHOURS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'fewer hours'?
Suggestion: fewer hours
...s to say - the author assumes that only less hours of sleep will make the executives more ...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 11, column 115, Rule ID: FEWER_LESS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'fewer'? The noun hours is countable.
Suggestion: fewer
...s to say - the author assumes that only less hours of sleep will make the executives...
^^^^
Line 11, column 348, Rule ID: SOME_OF_THE[1]
Message: Simply use 'some'.
Suggestion: some
...ily be of same kind. There are might be some of the executives whose working ability increa...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 11, column 606, Rule ID: FEWER_LESS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'fewer'? The noun sleepers is countable.
Suggestion: fewer
... better output; even more than those of less sleepers. If the business judge the pot...
^^^^
Line 13, column 182, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'a' instead of 'an' if the following word doesn't start with a vowel sound, e.g. 'a sentence', 'a university'
Suggestion: a
...t enough as an evidence to come to such an conclusion? What if the research has be...
^^
Line 13, column 284, Rule ID: LESS_DOLLARSMINUTESHOURS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'fewer hours'?
Suggestion: fewer hours
... similar types of business that require less hours of sleep and is opting out the other ty...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 13, column 284, Rule ID: FEWER_LESS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'fewer'? The noun hours is countable.
Suggestion: fewer
... similar types of business that require less hours of sleep and is opting out the ot...
^^^^
Line 13, column 1004, Rule ID: ALLOW_TO[1]
Message: Did you mean 'hiring'? Or maybe you should add a pronoun? In active voice, 'require' + 'to' takes an object, usually a pronoun.
Suggestion: hiring
...hat 'a business' will require to hire people needing less than 6 hours of sle...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, but, if, look, regarding, so, then, apart from, at least, for instance, of course, to begin with, that is to say
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 28.0 19.6327345309 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 26.0 12.9520958084 201% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 16.0 11.1786427146 143% => OK
Relative clauses : 23.0 13.6137724551 169% => OK
Pronoun: 46.0 28.8173652695 160% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 79.0 55.5748502994 142% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 16.3942115768 55% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 3115.0 2260.96107784 138% => OK
No of words: 631.0 441.139720559 143% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.93660855784 5.12650576532 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 5.01195704033 4.56307096286 110% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.61648371629 2.78398813304 94% => OK
Unique words: 259.0 204.123752495 127% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.410459587956 0.468620217663 88% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 980.1 705.55239521 139% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 4.96107784431 81% => OK
Article: 6.0 8.76447105788 68% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 2.70958083832 74% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.67365269461 60% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 4.22255489022 118% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 27.0 19.7664670659 137% => OK
Sentence length: 23.0 22.8473053892 101% => OK
Sentence length SD: 66.626098768 57.8364921388 115% => OK
Chars per sentence: 115.37037037 119.503703932 97% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.3703703704 23.324526521 100% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.51851851852 5.70786347227 79% => OK
Paragraphs: 9.0 5.15768463074 174% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 14.0 5.25449101796 266% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 19.0 8.20758483034 231% => Less positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 6.88822355289 73% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.67664670659 64% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.219079701059 0.218282227539 100% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0696675383281 0.0743258471296 94% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0519274560394 0.0701772020484 74% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.092199510513 0.128457276422 72% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0670505515372 0.0628817314937 107% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.5 14.3799401198 94% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 48.13 48.3550499002 100% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.3 12.197005988 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.67 12.5979740519 93% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.96 8.32208582834 96% => OK
difficult_words: 127.0 98.500998004 129% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 12.3882235529 65% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 11.1389221557 101% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.9071856287 101% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 30 minutes.
Maximum six paragraphs wanted.
Rates: 58.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.5 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.