"A recent study rating 300 male and female advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than six hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. On the basis of this study, we recommend that businesses hire only people who need less than six hours of sleep per night."
The argument claims that companies should hire a person who can work with the sleep of fewer than six hours because the research showed that 300 executives in successful firms sleep only six hours on average. Also, the author asserts that sleeping no more than six hours resulted in higher profit and growth rate. It sounds reasonable at first glance, yet a closer examination of the argument reveals flawed assumptions resulting from weak or false reasoning.
To begin with, the argument claims that the researchers studied 300 people both men and women if there is any correlation between sleep time and success of their firms. And the study concluded that the people who slept less than six hours on average are more successful. It assumed that the average number of hours of sleep per night was the only factor of success. However, there are more factors related to the firms’ success other than how long people sleep per night. For example, one successful firm has a better shape in the financial status than others. It is also possible that the executives’ individual characteristics or ages have more influence on the firms’ success.
Furthermore, there are flaws in the process that the author generalizes the study into the practice. The statement maintains that the study rated 300 men and women who are executives in the advertising industry. First of all, it is questionable whether 300 samples are enough for this type of research or not. In order for the study to become more reliable, the bigger sample size may be required. Even though 300 sample is adequate for the research, it is not possible to generalize the conclusion into the various industries because the study was conducted on only advertising executives. Many executives work for the advertising firms may require sleep less and work longer; however, it may not be the case for other industries. Manufacturing industry may require its workers to rest enough time between the shifts. Lastly, since the samples were executives, it doesn’t seem reasonable to apply the same conclusion to the regular employees. In the short-term, it may look prosperous that all employees work hard even in the after hours. On the other hand, in the long run, the longer work hours can be the reason for the high turnover rate of employees and consequently, it will harm the firm’s fundamental value.
In sum, there is not enough evidence provided to support the correlation between the average time of sleep per night and the firm’s success. In order for the study to be worthwhile and reliable, the author would have to show that other factors are controlled except the average sleeping hours when the study was conducted, and the criteria of respondents such as positions and industries of the sample need to be diversified.
Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 21 15
No. of Words: 468 350
No. of Characters: 2271 1500
No. of Different Words: 209 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.651 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.853 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.562 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 150 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 110 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 75 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 53 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 22.286 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 8.264 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.714 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.317 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.482 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.083 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 4 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 701, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...e influence on the firms' success. Furthermore, there are flaws in the proc...
^^^^^
Line 5, column 166, Rule ID: WHO_NOUN[1]
Message: A noun should not follow "who". Try changing to a verb or maybe to 'who is a are'.
Suggestion: who is a are
... that the study rated 300 men and women who are executives in the advertising industry....
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, consequently, first, furthermore, however, if, lastly, look, may, so, while, for example, such as, first of all, to begin with, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 21.0 19.6327345309 107% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 11.0 12.9520958084 85% => OK
Conjunction : 15.0 11.1786427146 134% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 13.6137724551 110% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 28.8173652695 80% => OK
Preposition: 51.0 55.5748502994 92% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 16.3942115768 55% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2360.0 2260.96107784 104% => OK
No of words: 467.0 441.139720559 106% => OK
Chars per words: 5.05353319058 5.12650576532 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.64867537961 4.56307096286 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.75896083351 2.78398813304 99% => OK
Unique words: 218.0 204.123752495 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.466809421842 0.468620217663 100% => OK
syllable_count: 722.7 705.55239521 102% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 9.0 4.96107784431 181% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.76447105788 80% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 2.70958083832 74% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.67365269461 179% => OK
Preposition: 8.0 4.22255489022 189% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 21.0 19.7664670659 106% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 22.8473053892 96% => OK
Sentence length SD: 49.0077507869 57.8364921388 85% => OK
Chars per sentence: 112.380952381 119.503703932 94% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.2380952381 23.324526521 95% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.19047619048 5.70786347227 126% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 5.15768463074 78% => More paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 2.0 5.25449101796 38% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 13.0 8.20758483034 158% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 6.88822355289 29% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.67664670659 128% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.300054044456 0.218282227539 137% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0927637448346 0.0743258471296 125% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0790268384208 0.0701772020484 113% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.195176825299 0.128457276422 152% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0442396480088 0.0628817314937 70% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.5 14.3799401198 94% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 57.61 48.3550499002 119% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.7 12.197005988 88% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.31 12.5979740519 98% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.14 8.32208582834 98% => OK
difficult_words: 101.0 98.500998004 103% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 12.3882235529 109% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 11.1389221557 97% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.9071856287 118% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.