"A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
The argument concludes that, only by hiring people who need less than 6 hours of sleep a business can succeed. This was based on the facts shown by a study of 300 Male and Female Mentian advertising executives. Though this might seem plausible at a first glance, the argument has made some unwarranted assumptions.
Firstly, the arguer mentioned that the study was done on 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives. To conclude that if a business hires people who need more than 6 hours of sleep, one should perform the study on larger set executives and not only from Mentian but from other successful and failed business to have an even distribution of the data. Also, the argument doesn't mention any information regarding the ratio of male and female included in the study. For all we know, there could be 290 males and 10 females which would skew the data and the results might not be reliable. Thus the arguer needs to perform more detailed analysis on the study on which the entire argument is solely based upon.
Secondly, even if we assume that the data the study used represents all the executives and is meeting the required conditions that a dataset must have for performing a research, it assumes that success only depends upon the number of hours an employee sleeps. There could be many other factors that influence ones success. For understanding this further, the arguer needs to first understand how the study was performed, what were the questions asked and does that include any other factors or habits (example : reading a lot of great books) these employees differed in. Without this information one cannot assume that the number of sleep hours directly influences the success of their firms.
Lastly, for instance, let us assume that the number of hours of sleep at night has an impact on the success of their firms. There could be a possibility that even in their awake time, they might be involved in activities which are completely irrelevent to the success of their firm. For example, let us consider two people who requires 6 hours of sleep. First person might spend the rest of the day time in improving themselves, learning new tactics and reading books which provides insights on how to succeed. Second person might spend the rest of the day just by watching a television series which has nothing to do with the firm. This clearly shows us that the assumption that even if two different people require the same sleep hours may fail or succeed.
To recapitulate, for the arguer to conclude that only by hiring executives who need less than 6 hours of sleep will help the firm succeed is based on various assumptions which needs further evidence to be true.
Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.5 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 19 15
No. of Words: 465 350
No. of Characters: 2187 1500
No. of Different Words: 214 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.644 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.703 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.422 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 138 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 103 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 66 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 38 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 24.474 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 9.789 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.632 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.339 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.548 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.14 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 378, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: doesn't
...ibution of the data. Also, the argument doesnt mention any information regarding the r...
^^^^^^
Line 3, column 593, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Thus,
... and the results might not be reliable. Thus the arguer needs to perform more detail...
^^^^
Line 5, column 310, Rule ID: ONES[1]
Message: Did you mean 'one's'?
Suggestion: one's
...ld be many other factors that influence ones success. For understanding this further...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, firstly, if, lastly, may, regarding, second, secondly, so, thus, for example, for instance
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 19.6327345309 71% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 18.0 12.9520958084 139% => OK
Conjunction : 13.0 11.1786427146 116% => OK
Relative clauses : 24.0 13.6137724551 176% => OK
Pronoun: 32.0 28.8173652695 111% => OK
Preposition: 53.0 55.5748502994 95% => OK
Nominalization: 12.0 16.3942115768 73% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2239.0 2260.96107784 99% => OK
No of words: 464.0 441.139720559 105% => OK
Chars per words: 4.82543103448 5.12650576532 94% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.64119157421 4.56307096286 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.48852238684 2.78398813304 89% => OK
Unique words: 221.0 204.123752495 108% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.476293103448 0.468620217663 102% => OK
syllable_count: 676.8 705.55239521 96% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 4.96107784431 81% => OK
Article: 5.0 8.76447105788 57% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 2.70958083832 74% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 4.22255489022 71% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 19.7664670659 96% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 22.8473053892 105% => OK
Sentence length SD: 56.7370373984 57.8364921388 98% => OK
Chars per sentence: 117.842105263 119.503703932 99% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.4210526316 23.324526521 105% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.68421052632 5.70786347227 100% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 5.25449101796 57% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 11.0 8.20758483034 134% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 6.88822355289 58% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.67664670659 86% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.288489996368 0.218282227539 132% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0949609415437 0.0743258471296 128% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.072228131868 0.0701772020484 103% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.165362825504 0.128457276422 129% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0271627400638 0.0628817314937 43% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.5 14.3799401198 94% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 55.58 48.3550499002 115% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 12.197005988 94% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.03 12.5979740519 88% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.23 8.32208582834 99% => OK
difficult_words: 100.0 98.500998004 102% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 12.3882235529 89% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 11.1389221557 104% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.9071856287 101% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 58.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.5 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.