Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a "Palean" basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and no Palean boats have been found. Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.
Archaelogical findinds and their interpretations to suggest the idea of how things may have evolved over time will always be open to dispute. As their is no one to justify the authenticity of a theory, there is pretty much no 100% correct theory. The premise of this argument is plausible that as the baskets were found near the location of Palean people, they might have been the makers of it, yet, the passage suggests that they might have been the only maker. This is a pretty strong statement, given that there is very little information on this topic.
This speculation is refuted by the second part of the passage, that says, similar craftings have been found in another village close to the village of Palea. The author argues that Palean people could have taught the Lithos people about that but has suggested there were hardly any scope for them to meet. As there were a massive river in between the two places and no boats of that time were found, he suggested tha there possibly could not have been any connection. Well, no boat being found is peripherally related to there being a connection, Just because, any boat or any other form of transportation were not found, does not prove that there simply were not any. They might have destroyed in the course of events, after all it was a long-time ago. Just as they thought they Palean baskets were only found in Palea, but then learned about other possibilities, likewise, further digging into this subject matter may find some connection to fill the blank.
Then again, we know about the struggles of the ancient people regarding their lack of transportation. Lack of any means to travel simply did not stop them from travelling. In the pre-wheel arena, people do use to walk long distances, with heavy carriages. They did, because they had to. They had no other option, yet they managed it. The point here is, the people from Palea, they might have swam across the Brim river, if they had to. The author has overstated here that people of Palea could not have gone to Lithos because no boats were found.
Nonetheless, the baskets being unique also poses some questions. Palea and Lithos, they were nearby areas and people in this places were also the people from the same time-period having the same kinds of needs. So it should not be a wild exaggeration that the Lithos people were also motivated to make such baskets. For instance, we see the arts and crafts having the similar pattern that comes from a certain period. Like the 90's music, regardless of the part of the world they originated from, they had the similar sounds. So, maybe they all made the same thing, the world found out about the Paleans' first, so credit went to them, much like Marcony and the invention of Radio, that later turned out to be by Jagadish Chandra Basu.
The author presents a weak argument based on limited information. Archaeology is a discipline of trial and error. Any new information can destroy whatever current belief is being held. So, to reach a conclusion in this kind of topic is risky and prone to easy failure, which may have been the case for this argument.
Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 2.5 out of 6
Category: Poor Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 27 15
No. of Words: 548 350
No. of Characters: 2504 1500
No. of Different Words: 259 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.838 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.569 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.31 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 146 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 92 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 51 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 39 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 20.296 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 9.193 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.519 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.259 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.466 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.105 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 146, Rule ID: THEIR_IS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'there'?
Suggestion: there
...time will always be open to dispute. As their is no one to justify the authenticity o...
^^^^^
Line 5, column 207, Rule ID: USE_TO_VERB[1]
Message: Did you mean 'used'?
Suggestion: used
...ling. In the pre-wheel arena, people do use to walk long distances, with heavy carr...
^^^
Line 5, column 393, Rule ID: HAVE_PART_AGREEMENT[1]
Message: Use past participle here: 'swum'.
Suggestion: swum
... the people from Palea, they might have swam across the Brim river, if they had to. ...
^^^^
Line 7, column 122, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...s, they were nearby areas and people in this places were also the people from the sa...
^^^^
Line 9, column 318, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...y have been the case for this argument.
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, if, likewise, may, nonetheless, regarding, second, so, then, well, after all, for instance, kind of
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 35.0 19.6327345309 178% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 13.0 12.9520958084 100% => OK
Conjunction : 12.0 11.1786427146 107% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 13.6137724551 95% => OK
Pronoun: 48.0 28.8173652695 167% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 69.0 55.5748502994 124% => OK
Nominalization: 17.0 16.3942115768 104% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2583.0 2260.96107784 114% => OK
No of words: 548.0 441.139720559 124% => OK
Chars per words: 4.71350364964 5.12650576532 92% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.83832613839 4.56307096286 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.39234829374 2.78398813304 86% => OK
Unique words: 275.0 204.123752495 135% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.501824817518 0.468620217663 107% => OK
syllable_count: 792.0 705.55239521 112% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.59920159681 88% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 14.0 4.96107784431 282% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 9.0 8.76447105788 103% => OK
Subordination: 5.0 2.70958083832 185% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 4.22255489022 118% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 27.0 19.7664670659 137% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 22.8473053892 88% => OK
Sentence length SD: 50.9016103566 57.8364921388 88% => OK
Chars per sentence: 95.6666666667 119.503703932 80% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.2962962963 23.324526521 87% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.33333333333 5.70786347227 76% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 5.25449101796 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 8.20758483034 73% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 15.0 6.88822355289 218% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.67664670659 128% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.219369256433 0.218282227539 100% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0575920134783 0.0743258471296 77% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0690572703672 0.0701772020484 98% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.127405636978 0.128457276422 99% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0704382646338 0.0628817314937 112% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.9 14.3799401198 76% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 68.1 48.3550499002 141% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.7 12.197005988 71% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.04 12.5979740519 80% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.86 8.32208582834 94% => OK
difficult_words: 112.0 98.500998004 114% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 12.3882235529 113% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 11.1389221557 90% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.9071856287 92% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 58.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.5 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.