Did bees exist on Earth 200 million years ago
The article and the lecture are both about whether there were bees on Earth 200 million years ago. The author of the reading is skeptical and provides three reasons of support. Nevertheless, the lecturer refutes the statements made by the author. She is of the opinion that it is perfectly possible that the nests found were made by bees, making the presence of bees at that time feasible.
First of all, the author suggests that no fossilized bees individuals dated 200 millions years ago have been discovered. This argument is challenged by the speaker. She says that remains of bees must be preserved in a type of liquid produced by trees, which were rare back then and became common later. That explains why there were no 200 year old fossils of bees. She argues that no evidence of fossils does not mean that bees did not exist because the trees at that moment did not produce the right kind of liquid for the preservation process
Second, the writer contends that plants that have flowers, which are closely connected with bees, only appeared 125 millions years ago. However, the lecturer rebuts this point by asserting that bee might have feed on non-flowering plants before the emergence of flowering ones. She supported this by mentioning that there are bees using ferns or pine trees as food sources. After some plants evolved and began flowering, bees adapted to to feeding on them and have remained their stable relationship since then.
Finally, it is stated in the article that the nests lacks some pattern of those built by today's bees such as spiral caps, therefore they might be owned by other species. The lecturer, on the other hand, posits that chemical evidence proves that these nests actually belonged to bees. He elaborates on this by noting that chemical analysis have shown that these chambers contain the same distinct waterproof substance as the modern bees' ones.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 435, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: to
...olved and began flowering, bees adapted to to feeding on them and have remained their...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, but, finally, first, however, nevertheless, second, so, then, therefore, kind of, such as, first of all, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 15.1003584229 99% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 9.8082437276 31% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 13.8261648746 43% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 20.0 11.0286738351 181% => OK
Pronoun: 35.0 43.0788530466 81% => OK
Preposition: 38.0 52.1666666667 73% => OK
Nominalization: 7.0 8.0752688172 87% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1580.0 1977.66487455 80% => OK
No of words: 321.0 407.700716846 79% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.92211838006 4.8611393121 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.23278547379 4.48103885553 94% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.35662729756 2.67179642975 88% => OK
Unique words: 185.0 212.727598566 87% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.576323987539 0.524837075471 110% => OK
syllable_count: 475.2 618.680645161 77% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.51630824373 99% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 9.59856630824 83% => OK
Article: 7.0 3.08781362007 227% => Less articles wanted as sentence beginning.
Subordination: 1.0 3.51792114695 28% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.86738351254 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 4.94265232975 40% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 20.6003584229 73% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 21.0 20.1344086022 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 62.769277694 48.9658058833 128% => OK
Chars per sentence: 105.333333333 100.406767564 105% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.4 20.6045352989 104% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.8 5.45110844103 161% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.53405017921 88% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 5.5376344086 18% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 11.8709677419 42% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 3.85842293907 104% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.88709677419 123% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.332434960846 0.236089414692 141% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0973896821571 0.076458572812 127% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.128428349264 0.0737576698707 174% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.179300252139 0.150856017488 119% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0944791283419 0.0645574589148 146% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.4 11.7677419355 105% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 58.62 58.1214874552 101% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 6.10430107527 51% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 10.1575268817 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.26 10.9000537634 103% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.96 8.01818996416 112% => OK
difficult_words: 87.0 86.8835125448 100% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 6.5 10.002688172 65% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.0537634409 103% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 10.247311828 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Better to have 5 paragraphs with 3 arguments. And try always support/against one side but compare two sides, like this:
para 1: introduction
para 2: reason 1. address both of the views presented for reason 1
para 3: reason 2. address both of the views presented for reason 2
para 4: reason 3. address both of the views presented for reason 3
para 5: conclusion.
So how to find out those reasons. There is a formula:
reasons == advantages or
reasons == disadvantages
for example, we can always apply 'save time', 'save/make money', 'find a job', 'make friends', 'get more information' as reasons to all essay/speaking topics.
or we can apply 'waste time', 'waste money', 'no job', 'make bad friends', 'get bad information' as reasons to all essay/speaking topics.
Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.