Archaeologists have recently found a fossil of a 150-million-year-old mammal
known as Repenornamus robustus (R. robustus). Interestingly, the mammal's
stomach contained the remains of a psittacosaur dinosaur. Some researchers have
therefore suggested that R. robustus was an active hunter of dinosaurs. However,
a closer analysis has made the hypothesis that R. robustus was an active hunter
unlikely. It was probably Just a scavenger that sometimes fed on dinosaur eggs
containing unhatched dinosaurs.
First, R. robustus, like most mammals living 150 million years ago, was small—
only about the size of a domestic cat. It was much smaller than psittacosaurs,
which were almost two meters tall when full grown. Given this size difference, it is
unlikely that R. robustus would have been able to successfully hunt psittacosaurs
or similar dinosaurs.
Second, the legs of R. robustus appear much more suited for scavenging
than hunting: they were short and positioned somewhat to the side rather than
directly underneath the animal. These features suggest that R. robustus did not
chase after prey. Psittacosaurs—the type of dinosaur found in the stomach of
R. robustus—were fast moving. It is unlikely that they would have been caught by
such short-legged animals.
Third, the dinosaur bones inside the stomach of the R. robustus provide no
evidence to support the idea that the dinosaur had been actively hunted. When
an animal has been hunted and eaten by another animal, there are usually teeth
marks on the bones of the animal that was eaten. But the bones of the psittacosaur
inside the R. robustus stomach do not have teeth marks. This suggests that
R. robustus found an unguarded dinosaur nest with eggs and simply swallowed an
egg with the small psittacosaur still inside the eggshell.
The reading passage states three reasons for why robustus was not hunters, but it was just a scavenger that fed on dinosaur eggs.
First, as the reading passages says that robustus had a small size which was not suitable for hunting such a big size such as psittacosaura or dinosaurs. However, the speaker denies the passage's statement by pointing out that robustus was really small in size, but they were bigger than baby dinosaurs. Therefore, this supports that robustus could be a hunter not scavengers.
Second, the writer says that robustus were scavengers because they had short-sided legs, which were not suitable for chasing and catching such a super fast prey like psittacosaur. Yet, the lecturer refutes the passage by arguing that there is a modern animal has the same sided-short legs and can chase his prey as his speed reach 50 km/hr. Thus, based on the similarities between robustus and the modern animal, robustus were hunter to dinosuars.
Third, the reading passage claims that because there are no teeth marks in the prey bones, this indicates that robustus didn't hunt the prey, but he just found unsave nest with small psittacosaur and swallowed them. On the other hand, the professors opposes that by mentioning that robustus didn't use his teeth to catch the prey, instead he swallwed the whole prey or ate it in big pieces.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 66, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...s three reasons for why robustus was not hunters, but it was just a scavenger tha...
^^
Line 3, column 187, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'passages'' or 'passage's'?
Suggestion: passages'; passage's
...osaurs. However, the speaker denies the passages statement by pointing out that robustus...
^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 247, Rule ID: ADJECTIVE_IN_ATTRIBUTE[1]
Message: A more concise phrase may lose no meaning and sound more powerful.
Suggestion: small
...y pointing out that robustus was really small in size, but they were bigger than baby dinosau...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 121, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: didn't
...rey bones, this indicates that robustus didnt hunt the prey, but he just found unsave...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 291, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: didn't
...pposes that by mentioning that robustus didnt use his teeth to catch the prey, instea...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 390, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...the whole prey or ate it in big pieces.
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, however, really, second, so, therefore, third, thus, such as, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 7.30242825607 123% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 22.0 22.412803532 98% => OK
Preposition: 15.0 30.3222958057 49% => More preposition wanted.
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1130.0 1373.03311258 82% => OK
No of words: 227.0 270.72406181 84% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.97797356828 5.08290768461 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.88156143495 4.04702891845 96% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.49175706422 2.5805825403 97% => OK
Unique words: 130.0 145.348785872 89% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.57268722467 0.540411800872 106% => OK
syllable_count: 331.2 419.366225166 79% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 6.0 8.23620309051 73% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 9.0 13.0662251656 69% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 25.0 21.2450331126 118% => OK
Sentence length SD: 39.4038915168 49.2860985944 80% => OK
Chars per sentence: 125.555555556 110.228320801 114% => OK
Words per sentence: 25.2222222222 21.698381199 116% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.1111111111 7.06452816374 143% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 4.19205298013 143% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.110150093186 0.272083759551 40% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0544600155453 0.0996497079465 55% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0282801284893 0.0662205650399 43% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0698536388986 0.162205337803 43% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.00267184103677 0.0443174109184 6% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.6 13.3589403974 109% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 54.56 53.8541721854 101% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.9 11.0289183223 108% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.9 12.2367328918 97% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.15 8.42419426049 97% => OK
difficult_words: 47.0 63.6247240618 74% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 9.0 10.7273730684 84% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.0 10.498013245 114% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 70.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.