The reading and the listening are about whether or not dinosaurs were endotherms. The author of the passage believes dinosaurs were animals of this type. On the contrary, the professor strongly refutes each of the theories presented in the reading.
First, the author points out that dinosaurs’ fossils have been found in polar regions which leads to the inference that dinosaurs were endotherms that could have maintained their constant body temperatures. On the other hand, the professor refutes the reading that the environment then was much warmer than now. Also, dinosaurs could have migrated to warmer places during cold time. So, living in polar zones couldn’t be evidence that dinosaurs were endotherms.
Secondly, the author makes a connection between endothermy and legs. Dinosaurs with legs beneath their body could run fast and it is noted that running fast is the trait of endotherms. The professor challenges the validity of this point. She contends that legs underneath the body could not only help for running fast but also support their weight. That is to say, the leg structure of dinosaurs allows them to grow larger, which was an advantage for them.
Last but not least, the author contends that the dinosaurs were endotherms based on their bone structure called canals. Canals help dinosaurs grow fast at any time and it’s a characteristic of endotherms. The professor casts doubt on this claim. Although the dinosaurs had canals in bone structure, they had growth rings too. Growth rings enables the dinosaurs to grow in spurts which suggest that they were not endotherms.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 41, Rule ID: WHETHER[7]
Message: Perhaps you can shorten this phrase to just 'whether'. It is correct though if you mean 'regardless of whether'.
Suggestion: whether
...The reading and the listening are about whether or not dinosaurs were endotherms. The author o...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, second, secondly, so, then, on the contrary, on the other hand, that is to say
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 10.4613686534 134% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 29.0 30.3222958057 96% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1362.0 1373.03311258 99% => OK
No of words: 259.0 270.72406181 96% => OK
Chars per words: 5.25868725869 5.08290768461 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.01166760082 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.66114211855 2.5805825403 103% => OK
Unique words: 137.0 145.348785872 94% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.528957528958 0.540411800872 98% => OK
syllable_count: 392.4 419.366225166 94% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 13.0662251656 130% => OK
Sentence length: 15.0 21.2450331126 71% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 36.2071127998 49.2860985944 73% => OK
Chars per sentence: 80.1176470588 110.228320801 73% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.2352941176 21.698381199 70% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.64705882353 7.06452816374 80% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 4.33554083885 208% => Less positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 1.0 4.45695364238 22% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.334301714838 0.272083759551 123% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.101832845593 0.0996497079465 102% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0918634029939 0.0662205650399 139% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.209056849052 0.162205337803 129% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0855439835977 0.0443174109184 193% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.0 13.3589403974 82% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 64.71 53.8541721854 120% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.0 11.0289183223 73% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.64 12.2367328918 103% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.86 8.42419426049 93% => OK
difficult_words: 57.0 63.6247240618 90% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.498013245 76% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 75.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.