Humans have long been fascinated by elephants, the largest land animal in the modern world. Social animals that live in herds, elephants are native to both Africa and Asia. Their large ears, long trunk, and long life span have made elephants one of the most captivating creatures on Earth. Our long-standing interest in elephants has led to several beliefs about surprising elephant behaviors.
Elephants Are Aware of Approaching Death
One of the popular beliefs is that when elephants become old and weak, they know that they are nearing the end of their lives. They demonstrate this by breaking away from their herds and going off alone to certain locations often found near bodies of water—so called “elephant graveyards”—to die alone. The idea that old elephants seem aware that they will die soon is supported by the discovery of many sites containing bones exclusively of elderly elephants.
Representing Objects through Art
Additionally, elephants seem to have artistic ability. Elephants can be taught to hold a paintbrush in their trunk and use it to paint on a canvas. Some elephants have been known to paint drawings that represent recognizable things: flowers, other elephants, even themselves. This talent makes elephants the only animal other than humans to produce art representing the world around them.
Fear of Mice
Finally, it has long been believed that elephants have a fear of mice. In 77 C.E., the Roman philosopher and scientist Pliny the Elder wrote that elephants are more afraid of mice, small mammals that can do elephants no harm, than of the much more dangerous animals with which elephants normally share an environment, such as lions or tigers. In a recent scientific experiment in which a herd of elephants was confronted with several mice, the elephants backed away from the mice and left the area to avoid them.
The reading and the listening have a dabte on some prevailing beliefs about elephant behaviors. The reading claims that elephants have awareness of death and ability to draw characters. Also, they are afraid of mice. But all of these are contradicted by the listening.
Firstly, the author purports that countless elephants die beside the river due to their awareness of upcoming death, which is refuted by the professor in the listening. The porfessor points out that choosing to live alongside the river are based on elephants' physical conditions. When getting older, elephants are not equipped with sharp teeth to chew various plants. Consequently, they are searching for soft vegetations which are suitable for them to eat. In fact, that specific kinds of herds are always located bear the bodies of river. So, old elephants might move there and die near the river.
Also, as for the reading's idea that elephants can paint pictures, the speaker holds different view. Actually, people train elephants to do some tricks by stroking their ear, which includes drawing. Elephants' ears are quite sensitive to pain and they can gradually remember the brush strokes on canvas if people catch their ear intentionally. In terms of elephants themselves, they have no idea about what they are doing when holding the brush with their nose.
Lastly, the writer shows an opinion that huge elephants are fearful about small mice.But the lecturer puts forward that they just sway away from unfamiliar creatures. In order to avoid potentially dangerous factors, elephants are accustomed to getting away from unknown animals. However, after recognizing them, elephants will not be afrain any moreElephantFor instance, the elephants living in the zoo are not supposed to back away from mice in the sense that they are quite familiar with those tiny animals and sure that mice are harmless to them.
In a nutshell, by giving all these three reasons, the listening successfully goes against the reading article.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 18, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'readings'' or 'reading's'?
Suggestion: readings'; reading's
...die near the river. Also, as for the readings idea that elephants can paint pictures,...
^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 86, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: But
... elephants are fearful about small mice.But the lecturer puts forward that they jus...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, but, consequently, first, firstly, however, if, lastly, so, as for, for instance, in fact
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 16.0 10.4613686534 153% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 27.0 22.412803532 120% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 47.0 30.3222958057 155% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1684.0 1373.03311258 123% => OK
No of words: 322.0 270.72406181 119% => OK
Chars per words: 5.2298136646 5.08290768461 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.23607819155 4.04702891845 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.62072058451 2.5805825403 102% => OK
Unique words: 190.0 145.348785872 131% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.590062111801 0.540411800872 109% => OK
syllable_count: 508.5 419.366225166 121% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 6.0 2.5761589404 233% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 51.9243276554 49.2860985944 105% => OK
Chars per sentence: 93.5555555556 110.228320801 85% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.8888888889 21.698381199 82% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.83333333333 7.06452816374 83% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 9.0 4.45695364238 202% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.220348745768 0.272083759551 81% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.069231037998 0.0996497079465 69% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0460989794118 0.0662205650399 70% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.110780807297 0.162205337803 68% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0578652821615 0.0443174109184 131% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.1 13.3589403974 91% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 54.22 53.8541721854 101% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 11.0289183223 90% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.76 12.2367328918 104% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.06 8.42419426049 96% => OK
difficult_words: 73.0 63.6247240618 115% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 6.5 10.7273730684 61% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 85.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.