Rembrandt is the most famous of the seventeenth-century Dutch painters. However, there are doubts whether some paintings attributed to Rembrandt were actually painted by him. One such painting is known as "Portrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet." The painting was attributed to Rembrandt because of its style, and indeed the representation of the woman’s face is very much like that of portraits known to be by Rembrandt. But there are problems with the painting that suggest it could not be a work by Rembrandt.
First, there is something inconsistent about the way the woman in the portrait is dressed. She is wearing a white linen cap of a kind that only servants would wear—yet the coat she is wearing has a luxurious fur collar that no servant could afford. Rembrandt, who was known for his attention to the details of his subjects’ clothing, would not have been guilty of such inconsistency.
Second, Rembrandt was a master of painting light and shadow, but in this painting, these elements do not fit together. The face appears to be illuminated by light reflected onto it from below. But below the face is the dark fur collar, which would absorb light rather than reflect it. So the face should appear partially in shadow—which is not how it appears. Rembrandt would never have made such an error.
Finally, examination of the back of the painting reveals that it was painted on a panel made of several pieces of wood glued together. Although Rembrandt often painted on wood panels, no painting known to be by Rembrandt uses a panel glued together in this way from several pieces of wood.
For these reasons, the painting was removed from the official catalog of Rembrandt’s paintings in the 1930s.
The reading passage illuminates doubt on whether the painting "Portrait of an Elderly woman in a White Bonnet" is actually painted by rembrandt or not whereas the lecture refutes the doubts by explaining why the confusion was created and emphasizes that it was definitely his painting.
Firstly, the reading passage points out the inconsistency in the woman's dress up as rembrandt had always been fastidious about the subject's clothing. The woman in the painting is wearing a cap that a servant would wear and a luxurious far collar coat which a servant could never afford at the same time. Such inconsistency arouses doubt on the painter. However, the lecture explains why the inconsistency is invalid. after researching the pigments of the color on the painting, it was revealed that the fur collar coat was not present originally. it was added after almost a hundred year to increase the value of the painting as it would show an aristocratic lady.
Secondly, the passage argues that the painting
shows
a chaos in light and shadow which rembrandt would never have done. The fur collar at the bottom seems to absorb the light from the face instead of reflecting it and makes the face appear partially in shadow. In contrast, the lecture states that the chaos is due to adding the fur collar later in the painting which was not present originally, hence, the painter must be rembrandt.
Finally, the passage doubts on the fact that the back of the painting was made of several woods glued together which is unlikely for any painting made by rembrandt. Nevertheless, the lecture claims that the woods were glued together later to make the painting look grand and valuable. originally the painting was made of single wood piece which has similarity with the tree of where other painting of rembrandt, his self portray wearing hat, was also made from.
In conclusion, the passage points out three reasons why the painting is unlikely to be a creation by Rembradt while the lecture rejects each of the doubt by
showing
evidence why the reasons are inappropriate.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 418, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: After
...lains why the inconsistency is invalid. after researching the pigments of the color o...
^^^^^
Line 3, column 548, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: It
...collar coat was not present originally. it was added after almost a hundred year t...
^^
Line 9, column 286, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Originally
...e the painting look grand and valuable. originally the painting was made of single wood pi...
^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, finally, first, firstly, hence, however, look, nevertheless, second, secondly, so, whereas, while, in conclusion, in contrast
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 20.0 10.4613686534 191% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 14.0 22.412803532 62% => OK
Preposition: 45.0 30.3222958057 148% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1744.0 1373.03311258 127% => OK
No of words: 348.0 270.72406181 129% => OK
Chars per words: 5.01149425287 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.31911543099 4.04702891845 107% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.69770506736 2.5805825403 105% => OK
Unique words: 172.0 145.348785872 118% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.494252873563 0.540411800872 91% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 519.3 419.366225166 124% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 12.0 8.23620309051 146% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 21.2450331126 113% => OK
Sentence length SD: 58.0994924281 49.2860985944 118% => OK
Chars per sentence: 124.571428571 110.228320801 113% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.8571428571 21.698381199 115% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.0714285714 7.06452816374 143% => OK
Paragraphs: 7.0 4.09492273731 171% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.290780822498 0.272083759551 107% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.104071014215 0.0996497079465 104% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0818152714143 0.0662205650399 124% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.141595544336 0.162205337803 87% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.093427248006 0.0443174109184 211% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.6 13.3589403974 109% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 55.58 53.8541721854 103% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 11.0289183223 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.07 12.2367328918 99% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.0 8.42419426049 95% => OK
difficult_words: 70.0 63.6247240618 110% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 19.0 10.7273730684 177% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 10.498013245 110% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Maximum four paragraphs wanted.
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.