Tpo 38In 1995 a microscopic fungus called Phytophthora ramorum or P ramorum was first detected in the forests of the western United States P ramorum infects trees and causes particularly serious damage in oak trees in many infected oaks leaves with

Both the passage and the lecture discuss a microscopic fungus named phytophthora ramorum found in the forests of the western United States that severely damages oak trees. The reading suggests three methods for protecting forests from that fungus. On the other hand, the professor states that those ideas are impractical and inefficient and opposes each one.
First, The passage claims that researchers discovered that the spores of this fungus spread with the help of humans. They suggest that if hikers wash their shoes and bikers use new bike scrubber, they can effectively stop spreading this fungus. Nevertheless, the professor rejects this idea and states that spores mostly spread by water streams. She explains that spores merge with rain, and streams carry them all over the forest. They cannot control it.
Second, the reading states that they can protect oak trees by the use of some fungicidal chemicals. Nonetheless, the lecturer denies this method and states that this way, they should inject those chemicals directly into trees, which is impractical and too expensive in vast forests with thousands of trees.
Finally, the author mentions that cutting infected trees and their adjacent vegetation can be an efficient way to stop spreading the disease. However, the speaker refutes it, saying that this way, they will destroy the vegetation and some healthy trees. She illustrates that Using this method will destroy many rare trees in forests that cannot easily grow again. This approach will adversely damage the forest.