tpo-47
In the reading, the author claims that pterosaurs whicg were an ancient winged reptiles were not capable of flying by flapping their wings, called powerer flight, by presenting 3 arguments of support. However, finding all the arguments and reasons questionable and implausible, the lecturer repudiates them and presents some evidence to the contrary.
At first, the author argues that pterosaurs were probably cold-blooded like the modern reptiles. Owing ti the fact that flying needs a lot of energy abd cold-blood animals have slow metabolism, pterosaurs could not have able to fly. Conversely, the lecturer brings up the idea that although pterosaurs were cold-bloded, new fossils evidence has indicated that they have hare or fer-covering which helped them maintain their body heat. Hence, they would have been able to keep their body warm enough in harsh cold temperature in order to generate sufficient energy needed for flapping the wings and flight.
In addition, the reading passage holds the view that pterosaurs were too much heavy so that they would not have been able flap their wings fast enough for flight. That being said, the lecturer disputes this argument by clarifying the fact that this species had an anatomy and structures so that made them light despite of their size. The bones of pterosaurs were hollow and this feature had a singnificant effect on their weight. These kinds of bones made these species low wieght enough to be kept airborne by powered flight.
Finally, the author draws attention to small and weak back leg muscels of the ptersaurs as the last point in supporting the claim that they would not have flew. Yet again, the author dismisses it by pointing out that there are difference between birds and pterosaurs. Birds use only their back lims to flight, on the contrary, the pterosaurs were using all the four lims to push them from the ground, run fast and jump high enough to launch themeselves into the air.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 80, Rule ID: A_PLURAL[2]
Message: Don't use indefinite articles with plural words. Did you mean 'reptile'?
Suggestion: reptile
...pterosaurs whicg were an ancient winged reptiles were not capable of flying by flapping ...
^^^^^^^^
Line 2, column 370, Rule ID: HAVE_PART_AGREEMENT[1]
Message: Use past participle here: 'hared'.
Suggestion: hared
...s evidence has indicated that they have hare or fer-covering which helped them maint...
^^^^
Line 4, column 156, Rule ID: HAVE_PART_AGREEMENT[1]
Message: Use past participle here: 'flown'.
Suggestion: flown
...ting the claim that they would not have flew. Yet again, the author dismisses it by ...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
conversely, finally, first, hence, however, if, so, in addition, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 10.4613686534 115% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 11.0 7.30242825607 151% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 33.0 22.412803532 147% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 36.0 30.3222958057 119% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1633.0 1373.03311258 119% => OK
No of words: 324.0 270.72406181 120% => OK
Chars per words: 5.04012345679 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.24264068712 4.04702891845 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.49990664359 2.5805825403 97% => OK
Unique words: 185.0 145.348785872 127% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.570987654321 0.540411800872 106% => OK
syllable_count: 475.2 419.366225166 113% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 21.2450331126 113% => OK
Sentence length SD: 38.6870312965 49.2860985944 78% => OK
Chars per sentence: 125.615384615 110.228320801 114% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.9230769231 21.698381199 115% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.15384615385 7.06452816374 87% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.562925535582 0.272083759551 207% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.186717732433 0.0996497079465 187% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.110021801165 0.0662205650399 166% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.317503611119 0.162205337803 196% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0688067544556 0.0443174109184 155% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.8 13.3589403974 111% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 55.58 53.8541721854 103% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 11.0289183223 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.25 12.2367328918 100% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.24 8.42419426049 98% => OK
difficult_words: 70.0 63.6247240618 110% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 10.498013245 110% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.