The following appeared as part of an article in a business magazine.
"A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
In this article of a business magazine, the author recommends that if a company wants to thrive, it should hire people who only sleep less than six hours per night according to a survey on 300 advertising executives. Plausible as this recommendation seems to be, the author relies on three unwarranted assumptions, which, if not substantiated, would dramatically reduce the persuasiveness of the argument.
First of all, the author presumes, without justification, that there is a causal relationship between fewer sleep hours and success in the career. this assumption based on the survey which shows that executives with less than six hours’ sleep had higher profits margins and faster growth of their companies. However, there could be other factors that contribute to their success in firms rather than the less sleep. For example, these executives might have a sensitive smell and a blanket of strategies to prosper their companies, such as a good strategy for marketing, a well-planned schedule, or an attracting original idea, which leads to a thrive in their firms. if any of these scenarios has merit, then this assumption may not hold water.
Secondly, the author further assumes, the answers provided by the executives could accurately reflect their sleeping habits and lifestyles. Yet this essay does not show what kind of questions were asked by the researchers or whether the respondents were telling the truth. it is possible that the questions were biased and therefore induced the respondents to give the answer in ways that did not accurately reveal their authentic sleeping patterns. In the meantime, the reviewers might want to impress others when answering the questions, therefore they provided some exaggerate answers. if either of these circumstances is true, then the assumption is dramatically weakened.
Finally, even assuming less sleep of executives could account for the faster growth in advertisement firms, the author prematurely assumes that all companies, no matter what industries they are, should follow such rule. Nevertheless, while this survey was just based on a single industry and a specific group of people (namely executives), it is unwarranted to assume this result can be applied more broadly. Maybe some advertisement projects have to work at night, and thus these faculties including executives are essentially obligated to sacrifice their sleeping time to finish their programs. if such scenario has merit, it is unreasonable to require the employees in other industries whose work time is in the daytime to follow the same schedule. this may bot yield a satisfying result.
Overall, the argument, as it stands now, is considerably flawed due to its reliance on several unwarranted assumptions. if the author is able to provide more information, it is possible to fully evaluate the soundness of the recommendation that companies should hire people with less sleep hours.
Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 12 15
No. of Words: 461 350
No. of Characters: 2401 1500
No. of Different Words: 232 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.634 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.208 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.892 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 175 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 131 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 99 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 71 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 38.417 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 13.512 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 1 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.362 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.656 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.05 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 7, column 148, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: This
... sleep hours and success in the career. this assumption based on the survey which sh...
^^^^
Line 7, column 648, Rule ID: A_INFINITVE[1]
Message: Probably a wrong construction: a/the + infinitive
...ttracting original idea, which leads to a thrive in their firms. if any of these scenari...
^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 673, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: If
...which leads to a thrive in their firms. if any of these scenarios has merit, then ...
^^
Line 13, column 274, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: It
...the respondents were telling the truth. it is possible that the questions were bia...
^^
Line 13, column 590, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: If
... they provided some exaggerate answers. if either of these circumstances is true, ...
^^
Line 19, column 596, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: If
...sleeping time to finish their programs. if such scenario has merit, it is unreason...
^^
Line 19, column 751, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: This
...he daytime to follow the same schedule. this may bot yield a satisfying result. ...
^^^^
Line 25, column 121, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: If
...nce on several unwarranted assumptions. if the author is able to provide more info...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, first, however, if, may, nevertheless, second, secondly, so, then, therefore, thus, well, while, for example, kind of, such as, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 19.0 19.6327345309 97% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 12.0 12.9520958084 93% => OK
Conjunction : 10.0 11.1786427146 89% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 13.6137724551 95% => OK
Pronoun: 37.0 28.8173652695 128% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 49.0 55.5748502994 88% => OK
Nominalization: 12.0 16.3942115768 73% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2507.0 2260.96107784 111% => OK
No of words: 461.0 441.139720559 105% => OK
Chars per words: 5.43817787419 5.12650576532 106% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.63367139033 4.56307096286 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.99694541329 2.78398813304 108% => OK
Unique words: 252.0 204.123752495 123% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.546637744035 0.468620217663 117% => OK
syllable_count: 756.0 705.55239521 107% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 9.0 4.96107784431 181% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.76447105788 103% => OK
Subordination: 7.0 2.70958083832 258% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 3.0 1.67365269461 179% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 4.22255489022 71% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 19.7664670659 96% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 22.8473053892 105% => OK
Sentence length SD: 51.1530753632 57.8364921388 88% => OK
Chars per sentence: 131.947368421 119.503703932 110% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.2631578947 23.324526521 104% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.10526315789 5.70786347227 142% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 8.0 5.25449101796 152% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 12.0 8.20758483034 146% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 6.88822355289 44% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.67664670659 86% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.143346743853 0.218282227539 66% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0401469053706 0.0743258471296 54% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0494812154551 0.0701772020484 71% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0772342982967 0.128457276422 60% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0433814552788 0.0628817314937 69% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.3 14.3799401198 113% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 47.12 48.3550499002 97% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.7 12.197005988 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.57 12.5979740519 116% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.07 8.32208582834 109% => OK
difficult_words: 124.0 98.500998004 126% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 15.0 12.3882235529 121% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 11.1389221557 104% => OK
text_standard: 15.0 11.9071856287 126% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 83.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 5.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.