An airship is a type of aircraft that flies using a very large balloon filled with a lighter-than-air gas. Airships were an important means of air transportation before the 1940s but are little used today, having been largely replaced by airplanes and helicopters. However, some aeronautical engineers believe that airships could become popular again because they offer a number of advantages over airplanes and helicopters. One advantage of airships is that for vertical lift (the force that keeps the ship airborne), they use a balloon that floats rather than an engine. Airplanes and helicopters use engines for both vertical lift and horizontal movement, but airships use engines solely for horizontal movement. So, airships use less fuel than a typical aircraft—thus making their fuel costs more economical. Another advantage of airships is that they can be used in hard-to-reach locations. Unlike airplanes, airships do not require a long runway for takeoff and landing because of their ability to lift off and land vertically. The only other aircraft capable of ascending into the sky by going straight up and descending straight down to the ground is the helicopter, which can carry only a small amount of weight. Airships, meanwhile, are able to carry very heavy loads. As a result, airships could do jobs that neither airplanes nor helicopters can do, such as carrying heavy logs from forests to distribution centers. Finally, airships could even be used to replace satellites. Currently, satellites are launched into Earth’s orbit carrying all kinds of equipment important in telecommunications or in surveying large areas of Earth’s surface for military purposes. Since airships can also rise high above the surface and stay there without refueling for a significant amount of time, they could provide services similar to those provided by satellites, and at a considerably cheaper cost.
The passage states that, even though airships had lost their popularity hundreds of years ago, they can be popular in the coming years. However, the lecturer disagrees and states that there are many problems to be solved before the airships can be used to aid modern society.
The passage posits that airships only require the engine to provide horizontal thrust, which is different from other vehicles like helicopters and airplanes. However, the lecturer states that airships generally require two kinds of gases that bring the issues. The first kind is not quite safe, and the second kind is expensive while inefficient. Balancing safety and efficiency is not quite feasible when gas issues need to be considered.
Furthermore, the passage presents that airships can be used to carry heavy loads in those hard-to-reach locations where other approaches have their drawbacks. However, the lecturer argues that picking up loads itself can be quite hard. Throughout the process, one vehicle must descend, load, and ascend. Those processes can be hard with some practical issues. In windy conditions, airships have to be stable enough to avoid colliding with surroundings, which is not that practical.
Finally, the lecturer states that airships can be used to replace satellites, providing similar services at a considerably lower price. On the other hand, the lecturer argues that they are not already. Since airship can only rise up to 40 kilometers from the ground, they will face serious conditions like strong winds, which requires extra effort, e.g., cost of fuels, to maintain their position.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
e.g., finally, first, furthermore, however, if, second, so, while, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 16.0 10.4613686534 153% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 5.04856512141 198% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 12.0772626932 124% => OK
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 30.0 30.3222958057 99% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1348.0 1373.03311258 98% => OK
No of words: 254.0 270.72406181 94% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.30708661417 5.08290768461 104% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.99216450694 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.59283579225 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 150.0 145.348785872 103% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.590551181102 0.540411800872 109% => OK
syllable_count: 409.5 419.366225166 98% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 40.4368996975 49.2860985944 82% => OK
Chars per sentence: 96.2857142857 110.228320801 87% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.1428571429 21.698381199 84% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.0 7.06452816374 85% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.114232162596 0.272083759551 42% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0428694277702 0.0996497079465 43% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0387088332532 0.0662205650399 58% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0746349826652 0.162205337803 46% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0131076284186 0.0443174109184 30% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.7 13.3589403974 95% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 53.21 53.8541721854 99% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.22 12.2367328918 108% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.69 8.42419426049 103% => OK
difficult_words: 67.0 63.6247240618 105% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 83.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.