The Reading:
Altruism is a type of behavior in which an animal sacrifices its own interest for that of another animal or group of animals. Altruism is the opposite of selfishness; individuals performing altruistic acts gain nothing for themselves. Examples of altruism abound, both among humans and among other mammals. Unselfish acts among humans range from the sharing of food with strangers to the donation of body organs to family members, and even to strangers. Such acts are altruistic in that they benefit another, yet provide little reward to the one performing the act.
In fact, many species of animals appear willing to sacrifice food, or even their life, to assist other members of their group. The meerkat, which is a mammal that dwells in burrows in grassland areas of Africa, is often cited as an example. In groups of meerkats, an individual acts as a sentinel, standing guard and looking out for predators while the others hunt for food or eat food they have obtained. If the sentinel meerkat sees a predator such as a hawk approaching the group, it gives an alarm cry alerting the other meerkats to run and seek shelter. By standing guard, the sentinel meerkat gains nothing - it goes without food while the others eat, and it places itself in grave danger. After it issues an alarm, it has to flee alone, which might make it more at risk to a predator, since animals in groups are often able to work together to fend off a predator. So the altruistic sentinel behavior helps ensure the survival of other members of the meerkat’s group.
The article states that Altruism, a type of behaviour in which an animal
sacrifices its own interest for others, is often abundant in both humans and
animals and provides three reason of support. However, the professor explains
that it is not the case at all and refutes each of the author's reasons.
First, the reading claims that humans show this altruistic behaviour by
sharing food with strangers to donating the body organs to others in the
family. The professor refutes this point by saying that if a person donates a
kidney to someone then the donor receives the appreciation from the society
which leds to increase in self-worth. She says that for some people these hold
much greater reward than any materialistic possessions.
Second, the article posits that in animals we can see the examples of altruism
by observing the meerkat sentinel which acts as a guard, looking for predators
while other hunt for food or eat food they obtained. However, the professor
says that meerkat's sentinel guard does not show the altruistic behavior.
According to the professor, the research conducted on meerkat concludes that
guards are the ones who already ate and these guards are also the one who are
the most safe during a predator attack. She explains that when the guard
identifies a potential predator then they are the ones first to escape as they
are near to the burrows. Also, the alarm cry which they issue is the major
danger to others, as when other's hear the alarm, they either gather together
or move together.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 16, column 11, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'meerkats'' or 'meerkat's'?
Suggestion: meerkats'; meerkat's
...ined. However, the professor says that meerkats sentinel guard does not show the altrui...
^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, first, however, if, look, second, so, then, while
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 17.0 12.0772626932 141% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 22.412803532 103% => OK
Preposition: 27.0 30.3222958057 89% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1303.0 1373.03311258 95% => OK
No of words: 259.0 270.72406181 96% => OK
Chars per words: 5.03088803089 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.01166760082 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.45499737671 2.5805825403 95% => OK
Unique words: 153.0 145.348785872 105% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.590733590734 0.540411800872 109% => OK
syllable_count: 385.2 419.366225166 92% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 10.0 13.0662251656 77% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 25.0 21.2450331126 118% => OK
Sentence length SD: 41.6515305841 49.2860985944 85% => OK
Chars per sentence: 130.3 110.228320801 118% => OK
Words per sentence: 25.9 21.698381199 119% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.5 7.06452816374 78% => OK
Paragraphs: 20.0 4.09492273731 488% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 1.0 4.45695364238 22% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.219727694638 0.272083759551 81% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0791778843277 0.0996497079465 79% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.121126048968 0.0662205650399 183% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0600599806283 0.162205337803 37% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0846816610886 0.0443174109184 191% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.2 13.3589403974 114% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 54.56 53.8541721854 101% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.9 11.0289183223 108% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.19 12.2367328918 100% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.66 8.42419426049 103% => OK
difficult_words: 62.0 63.6247240618 97% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.0 10.7273730684 121% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.0 10.498013245 114% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Maximum four paragraphs wanted.
Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.