Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenge the specific theories presented in the reading passage.
The author in the reading passage explains some researches which reveal materials that seem to be remains of blood vessels, red blood cells, and collagen matrix in the fossils of T. rex. The professor contradicts the statements made in the passage one by one.
Firstly, the author claims that some hollows are existed inside of the fossils` leg bones where blood vessels supposed to be there since they found a soft organic matter in these hollows. The professor holds a different idea. He is of the view that the soft organic matter is not necessarily the blood vessels and it might be something else. Indeed, bacteria colonize some hollows inside the bones and they often leave behind traces of organic materials. So, the soft organic matter might be the residue of some bacteria’s` activities.
Secondly, the writer maintains that researcher observed some spheres which might be the remains of red blood cells since they are in the same color and same size with red blood cells. This reason does not please the professor either. He thinks that those spheres found in fossils of other primitive animals, although they did not have red blood cells. So, those spheres may have a different origin such as reddish minerals.
Lastly, the author asserts that the researchers found collagen in the T. rex`s leg bone. In contrary, the professor points out that the collagen cannot be preserve for too long. Indeed, the founded collagen may have much more early resource and does not come from T. rex. It might be come from the human skin who were handling the bone in the experiment.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
first, firstly, if, lastly, may, second, secondly, so, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 10.4613686534 115% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 7.0 5.04856512141 139% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 28.0 30.3222958057 92% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1336.0 1373.03311258 97% => OK
No of words: 269.0 270.72406181 99% => OK
Chars per words: 4.96654275093 5.08290768461 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.0498419064 4.04702891845 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.55908469389 2.5805825403 99% => OK
Unique words: 138.0 145.348785872 95% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.513011152416 0.540411800872 95% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 402.3 419.366225166 96% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 16.0 21.2450331126 75% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 49.1190756606 49.2860985944 100% => OK
Chars per sentence: 83.5 110.228320801 76% => OK
Words per sentence: 16.8125 21.698381199 77% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.875 7.06452816374 55% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 10.0 4.27373068433 234% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.101287848953 0.272083759551 37% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0321950269399 0.0996497079465 32% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0293553788067 0.0662205650399 44% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0646471067004 0.162205337803 40% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0208596092113 0.0443174109184 47% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.4 13.3589403974 78% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 63.7 53.8541721854 118% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.4 11.0289183223 76% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.25 12.2367328918 92% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.72 8.42419426049 92% => OK
difficult_words: 56.0 63.6247240618 88% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.4 10.498013245 80% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 70.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.