The reading mulls over reasons that plausibly explain the cause of the ice age period between 1350 and 1900 CE. It proposes geographical, ecological and biological reasons that help explain the inception of ice age. The professor refutes the cause-effect relationship mentioned in the passage citing the information as outdated. Subsequently, he disputes each of the three reasons by providing information to explain his views on the same.
First, the article avers that the disruption of ocean current is the reason behind the reduction of earth's temperature. According to it, prior to the ice age there was a brief period of warm temperature that led of melting of the glaciers. This cold glacier water could have flown into the Gulf stream which is responsible for regulating the earth's climate and the temperature of planet plunged. Professor, on the other hand, says that if this flowing of cold water into Gulf stream is the culprit, then it effects should have been seen in southern hemisphere. However, the effects were only noticed in Europe and North America. Had the logic proposed in article been correct, countries like South Africa should have experienced ice age, which isn't the case.
Second, the article posits that volcanic eruption was very prevalent during the ice age. The ashes, dust and sulphur covered a huge patch of land and lowered the temperature of earth which, ultimately led to ice age. The professor isn't satisfied with the explanation. He says that if volcanic ash or dust caused the cooling effect then, the snow should have turned brown or grey however, there are no evidences to back the article's claim. Moreover, the volcanic eruption should have cause visual effects like change in colour of the sky. There are no such records that back the claim that any such effect was observed.
Third, the reading cites the decline in human population as a factor that led to increase in acreage covered by forest and eventually led to reduction in greenhouse effect and the ice age ensued, as a result to meet human demands. However, the professor thinks that the human population suffered a momentary dip and quickly rose back and thus, rendering very less time for the forest to reduce greenhouse gases.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 343, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'earths'' or 'earth's'?
Suggestion: earths'; earth's
...which is responsible for regulating the earths climate and the temperature of planet p...
^^^^^^
Line 3, column 745, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: isn't
... should have experienced ice age, which isnt the case. Second, the article posits...
^^^^
Line 5, column 232, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: isn't
...ltimately led to ice age. The professor isnt satisfied with the explanation. He says...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
first, however, if, moreover, second, so, then, third, thus, as a result, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 12.0 7.30242825607 164% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 43.0 30.3222958057 142% => OK
Nominalization: 11.0 5.01324503311 219% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1870.0 1373.03311258 136% => OK
No of words: 372.0 270.72406181 137% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.02688172043 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.39173103935 4.04702891845 109% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.5799002061 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 197.0 145.348785872 136% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.529569892473 0.540411800872 98% => OK
syllable_count: 582.3 419.366225166 139% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 42.6183175132 49.2860985944 86% => OK
Chars per sentence: 103.888888889 110.228320801 94% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.6666666667 21.698381199 95% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.05555555556 7.06452816374 72% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 8.0 4.33554083885 185% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.367512488315 0.272083759551 135% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.107585664331 0.0996497079465 108% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0622203947572 0.0662205650399 94% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.204716754255 0.162205337803 126% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0728510207099 0.0443174109184 164% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.6 13.3589403974 94% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 51.18 53.8541721854 95% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.89 12.2367328918 97% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.53 8.42419426049 101% => OK
difficult_words: 92.0 63.6247240618 145% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 10.7273730684 79% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 61.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 18.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.