In an attempt to improve highway safety, Prunty County last year lowered its speed limit from 55 to 45 miles per hour on all county highways. But this effort has failed: the number of accidents has not decreased, and, based on reports by the highway patrol, many drivers are exceeding the speed limit. Prunty County should instead undertake the same kind of road improvement project that Butler County completed five years ago: increasing lane widths, resurfacing rough highways, and improving visibility at dangerous intersections. Today, major Butler County roads still have a 55 mph speed limit, yet there were 25 percent fewer reported accidents in Butler County this past year than there were five years ago
In the memo, the author asserts that improvement in the road condition and visibility in Butler county have proven to be an effective approach for subsiding the number of accident and the same approach should be implemented in Prunty county as well. However, the conclusion drawn by the author might hold water; it rests on several infolded assumptions that, if not substantiated, dramatically weaken the persuasiveness of the argument. Thus, the following three questions must be addressed.
First of all, comparing between two counties can be done, if both of them have the same area and the same number of people on driving on the road. There might be the case that Butler County is much smaller than Prunty County that even with higher speed restriction the cases on the road are lesser. If it is so, a major detail about the number of people in each county with active vehicle riders should be assessed. The activities which proved to be working for Butler County might not work for Prunty County as restricting speed limit will not restrict the number of vehicle running each day across the road. If the mentioned condition prevails, then the assertion made by the author is certainly hampered.
Secondly, there might be a case that, the number of accidents in Butler County nearly five years ago was so massive that comparing to its consequence, the present figure seems quite promising. The accidents in Prunty County for now might be much lesser than what Butler County had some five years ago. The road accident as seen in Prunty County compared to Butler County some five year ago might be much lesser. It is because; if at present with 25% decrement in accidents is reported than some five year ago which means out of 100 still 75 vehicles face some kind of accidents. So comparing to the data’s of a single county may not effectively run to prove to be the same for the other. If such a condition exits, the author’s argument is subsequently weakened.
Lastly, the cases of road improvement in Prunty County might be more challenging than Butler County with more rough terrain and most foggy weather to impair the visibility. If the chances of road amendments in Prunty County is minimal than the suggestions for lane with increment, rough road resurfacing and visibility improvement just prove out be to another failure in minimizing road fatalities. If this proves to be true then the author’s claim is seriously impaired.
To sum up, more corroborated data is needed before a firm conclusion is reached. If all the above mentioned questions could be answered, it will be possible to fully evaluate the validity of the argument.
Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 19 15
No. of Words: 450 350
No. of Characters: 2151 1500
No. of Different Words: 210 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.606 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.78 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.575 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 158 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 96 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 75 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 50 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 23.684 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 8.802 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.789 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.337 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.552 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.106 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 4, column 399, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
... failure in minimizing road fatalities. If this proves to be true then the author’...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, however, if, lastly, may, second, secondly, so, still, then, thus, well, kind of, first of all, to sum up
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 28.0 19.6327345309 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 15.0 12.9520958084 116% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 11.1786427146 45% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 8.0 13.6137724551 59% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 13.0 28.8173652695 45% => OK
Preposition: 57.0 55.5748502994 103% => OK
Nominalization: 14.0 16.3942115768 85% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2206.0 2260.96107784 98% => OK
No of words: 450.0 441.139720559 102% => OK
Chars per words: 4.90222222222 5.12650576532 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.6057793516 4.56307096286 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.66146158676 2.78398813304 96% => OK
Unique words: 211.0 204.123752495 103% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.468888888889 0.468620217663 100% => OK
syllable_count: 682.2 705.55239521 97% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 4.96107784431 60% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.76447105788 126% => OK
Subordination: 9.0 2.70958083832 332% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 4.22255489022 47% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 19.7664670659 96% => OK
Sentence length: 23.0 22.8473053892 101% => OK
Sentence length SD: 53.1045068018 57.8364921388 92% => OK
Chars per sentence: 116.105263158 119.503703932 97% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.6842105263 23.324526521 102% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.15789473684 5.70786347227 108% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 5.25449101796 19% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 8.0 8.20758483034 97% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 10.0 6.88822355289 145% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 1.0 4.67664670659 21% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.173874784375 0.218282227539 80% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0642466105476 0.0743258471296 86% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0530617363702 0.0701772020484 76% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.101311396693 0.128457276422 79% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0483083388303 0.0628817314937 77% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.5 14.3799401198 94% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 56.59 48.3550499002 117% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 12.197005988 91% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.44 12.5979740519 91% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.04 8.32208582834 97% => OK
difficult_words: 93.0 98.500998004 94% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 12.3882235529 113% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 11.1389221557 101% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.9071856287 118% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 58.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.5 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.