The following appeared as part of an article in a business magazine.
"A recent study rating 300 male and female advertising executives according to the
average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the
amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the
advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than
six hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. On the
basis of this study, we recommend that businesses hire only people who need less
than six hours of sleep per night."
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered
in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is
based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would
help to evaluate the recommendation.
The studies in which researchers try to find a link between entities are not absolutely justifiable, because just having a relationship does not guarantee a correct casuality. In the case of advertising executives, the amount of sleep is an insufficient factor to draw such a conclusion. I think before putting this recommendation into action, the writer has to answer a few questions about the type of instrument to gather the data and other intervening variables that have an effect on the success of advertising companies. Moreover, he needs to resulte the doubts which will be originated from successful companies with flexible working hours.
In the first question, ha has to put emphasis on the type instrument that researchers used to identify the relationship. Academically speaking, an strong research instrument which could be, whether a questionnaire or an interview, must be valid and reliable to provide acceptable result. To answer this question, the author needs to explain how respondents answers measured by the instrument and how the result refuted or agreed the previous studies. Therefore, his recommendation will be more convincing if he provide some technical and scientific details about the research process.
The subject of the second question will be the role of intervening variables and their impact on the final outcome which is a proposed association between the hours of sleep and the success. By definition, intervening variable are incidents that happen during the experiment or already existed in the environment. Sometimes researchers ignore these varibles which consequently undermines the results. However, the author can strengthen his proposal by giving assurance that other variables were restricted during the research process so the companies can rely on it without any hesitation.
Finally, the author should think consider the successful ad companies with flexible woking hours where some employees may have more than 6 hours of sleep. This contradictory evidence could be a weakness of the proposal unless the author provides an analogy and enumerates the advantages of fixed working hours for companies. Although a new research will be needed to convince more managers about the fixed working hours, it is a worthwhile effort to enrich his recommendation.
All in all, accepting the proposal in which hiring early birds for advertising companies is recommended created a few more questions in mind of managers such as How the data are ghathered, how the effect of intervening variables, if any, measured and what about the flexible working hours. By providing reasonable answers to the questions, the author can assure managers to follow his recommendation.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 144, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'a' instead of 'an' if the following word doesn't start with a vowel sound, e.g. 'a sentence', 'a university'
Suggestion: a
...he relationship. Academically speaking, an strong research instrument which could ...
^^
Line 2, column 340, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...is question, the author needs to explain how respondents answers measured by the ...
^^
Line 2, column 513, Rule ID: HE_VERB_AGR[1]
Message: The pronoun 'he' must be used with a third-person verb: 'provides'.
Suggestion: provides
...mendation will be more convincing if he provide some technical and scientific details a...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 124, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...eir impact on the final outcome which is a proposed association between the hours...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
consequently, finally, first, however, if, may, moreover, second, so, then, therefore, while, as to, i think, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 19.6327345309 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 12.0 12.9520958084 93% => OK
Conjunction : 11.0 11.1786427146 98% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 13.6137724551 81% => OK
Pronoun: 18.0 28.8173652695 62% => OK
Preposition: 55.0 55.5748502994 99% => OK
Nominalization: 18.0 16.3942115768 110% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2287.0 2260.96107784 101% => OK
No of words: 421.0 441.139720559 95% => OK
Chars per words: 5.432304038 5.12650576532 106% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.52971130743 4.56307096286 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.10699368588 2.78398813304 112% => OK
Unique words: 219.0 204.123752495 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.520190023753 0.468620217663 111% => OK
syllable_count: 710.1 705.55239521 101% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.59920159681 106% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 4.96107784431 101% => OK
Interrogative: 1.0 0.471057884232 212% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.76447105788 103% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 2.70958083832 111% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 4.22255489022 118% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 19.7664670659 86% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 22.8473053892 105% => OK
Sentence length SD: 48.785811086 57.8364921388 84% => OK
Chars per sentence: 134.529411765 119.503703932 113% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.7647058824 23.324526521 106% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.88235294118 5.70786347227 121% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 5.25449101796 76% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 12.0 8.20758483034 146% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 6.88822355289 44% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.67664670659 43% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.09876156622 0.218282227539 45% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0359473510804 0.0743258471296 48% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0442845930372 0.0701772020484 63% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0596898091572 0.128457276422 46% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0297943984227 0.0628817314937 47% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.5 14.3799401198 115% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 38.66 48.3550499002 80% => OK
smog_index: 11.2 7.1628742515 156% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.8 12.197005988 113% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.51 12.5979740519 115% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.22 8.32208582834 111% => OK
difficult_words: 117.0 98.500998004 119% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 15.5 12.3882235529 125% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 11.1389221557 104% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.9071856287 101% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 53.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6 -- The score is based on the average performance of 20,000 argument essays. This e-grader is not smart enough to check on arguments.
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.