Large numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska's North Slope, a region that today experiences an extremely cold,arctic climate. One hundred million years ago, when those dinosaurs were alive, the environment of the North Slope was already inhospitable,especially during the winter when it experienced several months of total darkness. How did the dinosaurs survive the wintertime? Paleontologists have proposed that one of the most common North Slope dinosaurs, the elephant-sized edmontosaur (Edmontosaurus), survived the winter by migrating south to more hospitable regions. Several arguments support the migration hypothesis.
First, the edmontosaur's diet supports the migration hypothesis.Edmontosaurs fed exclusively on plants. Since there would have been no plants growing during the cold and dark North Slope winter, it appears that the edmontosaur must have left for at least part of the year and migrated to more temperate zones to find food.
Second, many edmontosaur skeletons have been unearthed from the same site. This suggests that edmontosaurs lived in herd. Many modern-day migratory animals, such as caribou and buffalo, live and migrate in herds as well. Moving in herds helps animals coordinate their migration.The finding that edmonotsaurs lived in herds further supports the migration hypothesis.
Finally, edmonosaurs were physically capable of migrating long distances. To reach more hospitable regions, the edmontosaur had to migrate about 1,600 kilometers southward. To make such a journey, the edmontosaur needed to move at about five kilometers per hour for several weeks, which is certainly could do. These animals could run very fast, reaching speeds up to 45 kilometers per hour. It could have easily used its locomotive power to move to warmer climate during the harsh arctic winters.
The reading and lecture both are about the edmontosaur whether they have migrated or not. The author of the reading feels that edmontosaur must have migrated to the south. The lecturer challenges the claim made by the author by refuting each reason stated by the author of the reading. he is of the opinion that edomontosaur must not have migrated to survive the winters.
To begin with, the author argues that edmontosuar were exclusively fed on the plants and during the winter their would be no plants growing which supports claim made by author about the migration. this specific argument is challenged by the lecture. she claims that during the summer their were more vegetation grown during that time which would be useful to them during the winters . Additionally she states that dead vegetation of summer were enough for them to survive their winters.
Secondly the writer suggest that edmontosaur used to live in the herd and it shows that many animals living in herd are migratory. In article it is stated that living in herds helps animals in the migration and tried to show that edomontosaur were migratory. In the lecture author rebut this by mentioning that living in herds doesn't mean they were migratory. he elaborates this by mentioning up the point that living in herd provides the animals extra protection and on that basis it can't be justified that they were migratory.
Finally the author posits the edmontosaur were capable of travelling long distance to reach hospitable regions. Moreover in article it is stated that edmontosaur particularly has speed much higher than required. In contrast the lecturer position is that in the herd their would be many juveniles which would be not capable to migrate to the south. she notes that grown up edmontosaur would not be able to migrate to south with the juveniles and would not left them back in the cold winters.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 173, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...tosaur must have migrated to the south. The lecturer challenges the claim made by t...
^^^
Line 1, column 287, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
...on stated by the author of the reading. he is of the opinion that edomontosaur mus...
^^
Line 7, column 198, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: This
...aim made by author about the migration. this specific argument is challenged by the ...
^^^^
Line 7, column 251, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: She
... argument is challenged by the lecture. she claims that during the summer their wer...
^^^
Line 7, column 383, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Don't put a space before the full stop
Suggestion: .
...uld be useful to them during the winters . Additionally she states that dead vege...
^^
Line 7, column 386, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Additionally,
... be useful to them during the winters . Additionally she states that dead vegetation of sum...
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 402, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...em during the winters . Additionally she states that dead vegetation of summer we...
^^
Line 13, column 328, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: doesn't
...this by mentioning that living in herds doesnt mean they were migratory. he elaborates...
^^^^^^
Line 13, column 361, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
... herds doesnt mean they were migratory. he elaborates this by mentioning up the po...
^^
Line 13, column 486, Rule ID: CANT[1]
Message: Did you mean 'can't' or 'cannot'?
Suggestion: can't; cannot
...s extra protection and on that basis it cant be justified that they were migratory. ...
^^^^
Line 13, column 486, Rule ID: IT_VBZ[1]
Message: Did you mean 'cants'?
Suggestion: cants
...s extra protection and on that basis it cant be justified that they were migratory. ...
^^^^
Line 19, column 1, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Finally,
...ified that they were migratory. Finally the author posits the edmontosaur were ...
^^^^^^^
Line 19, column 113, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Moreover,
...g distance to reach hospitable regions. Moreover in article it is stated that edmontosau...
^^^^^^^^
Line 19, column 216, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[2]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: contrast,
...has speed much higher than required. In contrast the lecturer position is that in the he...
^^^^^^^^
Line 19, column 349, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: She
...be not capable to migrate to the south. she notes that grown up edmontosaur would n...
^^^
Line 19, column 456, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[1]
Message: The verb 'would' requires the base form of the verb: 'leave'
Suggestion: leave
... south with the juveniles and would not left them back in the cold winters.
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, if, moreover, second, secondly, so, in contrast, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 20.0 10.4613686534 191% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 5.04856512141 158% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 20.0 12.0772626932 166% => OK
Pronoun: 39.0 22.412803532 174% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 48.0 30.3222958057 158% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1587.0 1373.03311258 116% => OK
No of words: 318.0 270.72406181 117% => OK
Chars per words: 4.99056603774 5.08290768461 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.22286093782 4.04702891845 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.53820949567 2.5805825403 98% => OK
Unique words: 138.0 145.348785872 95% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.433962264151 0.540411800872 80% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 485.1 419.366225166 116% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 4.0 8.23620309051 49% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 34.0624426605 49.2860985944 69% => OK
Chars per sentence: 99.1875 110.228320801 90% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.875 21.698381199 92% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.75 7.06452816374 67% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 16.0 4.19205298013 382% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0387310646603 0.272083759551 14% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0163402838623 0.0996497079465 16% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0117234167379 0.0662205650399 18% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0249419741084 0.162205337803 15% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.00545621622293 0.0443174109184 12% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.0 13.3589403974 90% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 60.65 53.8541721854 113% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 11.0289183223 86% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.66 12.2367328918 95% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.41 8.42419426049 88% => OK
difficult_words: 57.0 63.6247240618 90% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.