In an attempt to improve highway safety, Prunty County last year lowered its speed limit from 55 to 45 miles per hour on all county highways. But this effort has failed: the number of accidents has not decreased, and, based on reports by the highway patrol, many drivers are exceeding the speed limit. Prunty County should instead undertake the same kind of road improvement project that Butler County completed five years ago: increasing lane widths, resurfacing rough highways, and improving visibility at dangerous intersections. Today, major Butler County roads still have a 55 mph speed limit, yet there were 25 percent fewer reported accidents in Butler County this past year than there were five years ago.
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
In the argument, it concludes that Prunty County should take the steps those are taken by the Butler county five years ago to reduce the road accidents specially in highways. However, this conclusion is based on three unwarranted assumptions, if refuted, immediately weaken the coherence of the conclusion.
Firstly, Prunty county at first took a step to limit the speed from 55 to 45 mile per hour and the authority find it unsuccessful. The question is ‘are they take the necessary steps to monitor properly the speed of the vehicle or are there any significant punishment for those who exceed the limit? It is possible that there is no sophisticated system to monitor the highway that anyone is exceeding the limit or not. If this is true then the driver will not be conscious about the speed. And if there is no significant punishment for the rule breaker then driver will not care about the new rule. So without taking these necessary steps it will be premature decision for the authority to decide that the existing rule is not effective.
Secondly, author claims that Prunty and Butler are similar. It may not be necessarily true. It is possible that the people in Butler are obedient to the government rule and people of Pronty are not. Then only refurbishing the road may not be efficacious for one to decrease the rate of road accidents. Perhaps the roads of Prunty is enough wide and smooth but the people are so rash that cause there frequent accident. Whereas people in Bountry are obidient to the government and abide by the rule so there is a decrease in the accidents. If any of these case are true then the conclusion will lose its persuasiveness.
Thirdly, here author presumes that a policy, which are taken five years ago, is also now effective for a bounty. This may not be true. Five years ago may be the circumstances was different. It is possible that five years ago people in Bounty was more disciplined and the authority was more strict to handle the highway rule to avoid accident so there was a decrease in accident and at present may the accident rate is increasing. Five years ago, the top speed of cars may be lower so it was not concerned about the speed. If any of these cases are true then seriously hamper cogency of the conclusion and make it fallacious.
In conclusion, It may possible that the existing rule is not effective to decrease the accident in Prunty bounty may be the steps taken by the Bounty five years ago will be effective. However, the mentioned assumption need to be clarified and the author should provide the additional information to make the conclusion valid and logical.
Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 23 15
No. of Words: 460 350
No. of Characters: 2130 1500
No. of Different Words: 182 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.631 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.63 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.569 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 138 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 96 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 76 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 51 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 20 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 8.536 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.826 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.295 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.387 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.049 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 3 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 418, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...t anyone is exceeding the limit or not. If this is true then the driver will not b...
^^
Line 3, column 540, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...o there is a decrease in the accidents. If any of these case are true then the con...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, firstly, however, if, may, second, secondly, so, then, third, thirdly, whereas, in conclusion
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 41.0 19.6327345309 209% => Less to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 16.0 12.9520958084 124% => OK
Conjunction : 14.0 11.1786427146 125% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 13.6137724551 88% => OK
Pronoun: 30.0 28.8173652695 104% => OK
Preposition: 43.0 55.5748502994 77% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 16.3942115768 55% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2182.0 2260.96107784 97% => OK
No of words: 460.0 441.139720559 104% => OK
Chars per words: 4.74347826087 5.12650576532 93% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.6311565067 4.56307096286 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.65809744772 2.78398813304 95% => OK
Unique words: 184.0 204.123752495 90% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.4 0.468620217663 85% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 705.6 705.55239521 100% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 4.96107784431 161% => OK
Article: 3.0 8.76447105788 34% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 2.70958083832 148% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.67365269461 60% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 4.22255489022 47% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 23.0 19.7664670659 116% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 22.8473053892 88% => OK
Sentence length SD: 49.3128587087 57.8364921388 85% => OK
Chars per sentence: 94.8695652174 119.503703932 79% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.0 23.324526521 86% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.82608695652 5.70786347227 85% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 5.25449101796 38% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 8.20758483034 61% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 14.0 6.88822355289 203% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.67664670659 86% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.170491950012 0.218282227539 78% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.049881900798 0.0743258471296 67% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0596722565717 0.0701772020484 85% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0982680864743 0.128457276422 76% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0467900640051 0.0628817314937 74% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.9 14.3799401198 76% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 59.64 48.3550499002 123% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 12.197005988 81% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.21 12.5979740519 81% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.58 8.32208582834 91% => OK
difficult_words: 86.0 98.500998004 87% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 12.3882235529 113% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 11.1389221557 90% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.9071856287 84% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.