The city council of Town X has proposed reducing the city’s electric expenses by switching all the lights in public buildings from incandescent bulbs to light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The switch would be made gradually as the old incandescent bulbs burn out, and the city council reasons that since LED lights burn brighter and cost no more to purchase, the switch would help Town X save money on electrical costs in the future.
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered to help evaluate the efficacy of the city council’s proposal to save money on electrical costs. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the council’s prediction.
The city council of town X has suggested that switching all incandescent bulbs to leds can help town X save money by reducing the city's electrical expense. they claim that leds can be more cost-effective due to they being the same cost to purchase as incandescent bulbs and that they burn brighter. However, before this recommentdation can be evaluated, a few questions must be answered.
does having the same cost to purchase and glowing brighter mean they they'll help reduce the electricity bill? The most important parameter when judging the current consumption of any electrical appliance is the wattage of that product. Maybe the leds glow brighter because they also use more electricity to run. The city council has not mentioned anything about the led bulb's wattage, rating, and other parameters such as lumens per watt (which measures the brightless per watt used). it is also possible that leds give twice the amount of light, but also consume twice as many resources. this puts further strain on the city's expenses. if either of these examples have merit, then the conclusion drawn in the original argument would be flawed.
Will the leds last as long as the incandescent lights did? The leds cost just about as much as the old light bulbs, so they should at least have a lifespan of what the incandescent bulbs do. if the leds die out after a few months of service, it wouldn't be sensible to install them, since the incandescent bulbs work for years without hiccups. Chnaging these bulbs would double the cost initially set aside for each bulb. Reliability is a factor being unwarrentedly asssumed by the city council. if the above is true, it would deem the argument to be flawed as well.
Considering that the council has after all decided to continue with it's plan, another question that an be asked is if there are any indirect costs to switching to leds. are the leds compatible with the existing infrastructure? Will they require new bulb holders? does it require professional help to install such new equipment? any of the above being true would place an extra burden on the city's expenses.
In conclusion the argument does not hold due to it's reliance on many fallible assumptions. if the author provides more evidence on the questions asked, then it might be viable to consider the council's prediction.
Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 13 15
No. of Words: 397 350
No. of Characters: 1896 1500
No. of Different Words: 205 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.464 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.776 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.615 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 116 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 93 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 68 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 38 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 30.538 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 18.566 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.538 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.344 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.607 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.077 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 157, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: They
... reducing the citys electrical expense. they claim that leds can be more cost-effect...
^^^^
Line 7, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Does
...few questions must be answered. does having the same cost to purchase and gl...
^^^^
Line 7, column 70, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: they'll
...purchase and glowing brighter mean they theyll help reduce the electricity bill? The m...
^^^^^^
Line 7, column 484, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: It
... measures the brightless per watt used. it is also possible that leds give twice t...
^^
Line 7, column 588, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: This
...t also consume twice as many resources. this puts further strain on the citys expens...
^^^^
Line 7, column 636, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: If
...s further strain on the citys expenses. if either of these examples have merit, th...
^^
Line 13, column 246, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: wouldn't
...e out after a few months of service, it wouldnt be sensible to install them, since the ...
^^^^^^^
Line 13, column 496, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: If
...rrentedly asssumed by the city council. if the above is true, it would deem the ar...
^^
Line 19, column 101, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'a' instead of 'an' if the following word doesn't start with a vowel sound, e.g. 'a sentence', 'a university'
Suggestion: a
...ue with its plan, another question that an be asked is if there are any indirect c...
^^
Line 19, column 101, Rule ID: A_INFINITVE[1]
Message: Probably a wrong construction: a/the + infinitive
...ue with its plan, another question that an be asked is if there are any indirect cost...
^^^^^
Line 19, column 170, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Are
...ny indirect costs to switching to leds. are the leds compatible with the existing i...
^^^
Line 19, column 264, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Does
...re? Will they require new bulb holders? does it require professional help to install...
^^^^
Line 19, column 329, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Any
...nal help to install such new equipment? any of the above being true would place an ...
^^^
Line 25, column 92, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: If
... reliance on many fallible assumptions. if the author provides more evidence on th...
^^
Line 25, column 193, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'councils'' or 'council's'?
Suggestion: councils'; council's
...then it might be viable to consider the councils prediction.
^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, however, if, may, so, then, well, after all, at least, in conclusion, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 18.0 19.6327345309 92% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 12.0 12.9520958084 93% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 11.1786427146 36% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 9.0 13.6137724551 66% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 26.0 28.8173652695 90% => OK
Preposition: 43.0 55.5748502994 77% => OK
Nominalization: 11.0 16.3942115768 67% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1958.0 2260.96107784 87% => OK
No of words: 395.0 441.139720559 90% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.95696202532 5.12650576532 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.45809453852 4.56307096286 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.680397008 2.78398813304 96% => OK
Unique words: 211.0 204.123752495 103% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.53417721519 0.468620217663 114% => OK
syllable_count: 585.9 705.55239521 83% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 4.96107784431 101% => OK
Article: 5.0 8.76447105788 57% => OK
Subordination: 6.0 2.70958083832 221% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 4.22255489022 95% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 23.0 19.7664670659 116% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 22.8473053892 74% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 38.7480348913 57.8364921388 67% => OK
Chars per sentence: 85.1304347826 119.503703932 71% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.1739130435 23.324526521 74% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.82608695652 5.70786347227 67% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 15.0 5.25449101796 285% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 8.0 8.20758483034 97% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 6.88822355289 58% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 11.0 4.67664670659 235% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.361697228845 0.218282227539 166% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0947583510446 0.0743258471296 127% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.085713353944 0.0701772020484 122% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.191925179241 0.128457276422 149% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.107344882518 0.0628817314937 171% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.5 14.3799401198 73% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 62.68 48.3550499002 130% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.7 12.197005988 71% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.19 12.5979740519 89% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.64 8.32208582834 92% => OK
difficult_words: 79.0 98.500998004 80% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 12.0 12.3882235529 97% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 11.1389221557 79% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.9071856287 76% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.