The following opinion was provided in a letter to the editor of a national aeronautics magazine:
“Manned space flight is costly and dangerous. Moreover, the recent success of a series of unmanned space probes and satellites has demonstrated that a great deal of useful information can be gathered without the costs and risks associated with sending men and women into space. Therefore, we should invest our resources in unmanned space flight."
Manned space flights are dangerous whoever traveling in that and also it consumes a large amount of money. This can be overcome by using the unmanned space flights, the recent success stories of unmanned space probes are all over and it is better if we choose this path rather than taking risks with humans. It's better if we invest in unmanned space flight. The argument seems logical at first glance. To find the flaws we need to analyze very keenly.
Firstly, if we use unmanned space flights we are able to reduce the danger and also the cost. Unmanned in the sense, it is fully automated. The automated means no man power, so the cost is higher than manned space flight. We need to program the positive and negative things which we occur in the previous phase. By stating the cost, the author is already wrong. The cost is high in unmanned only. The author failed to update the flaws.
Secondly, another thing is the unmanned needs a perfect protocol and program to follow. If we lose contact or it face with any damage means it will not work. The result is mission cancelled or failed.It becomes a big loss to the scientist and all. If it reaches above the stratosphere means surely error occurs. The error occurs or not purely depends on the atmospheric conditions like temperature and climate, the negative and positive particles around there. So the author should clearly state the things.
Thirdly, the author relies on the success of a series about the unmanned space probes. There are also lot of news out there but he only relies on the success stories only. If the failure occurs, then they do not know what to do in order to correct that. The thing should have both positive and negative things. If the author is prejudiced the positive side only then what about the negative things. Suppose we fix some range to land the probe, if it is already occupied by any other satellite means there will be a huge explosion between the two flights and creates a catastrophic destruction.
Manned space flights may have a risk but it is way better than unmanned one. For the past decades, manned space flights are successfully completed the mission. It does not needs to be fully automated or do any program to perform tasks. The pilots inside the flights how to handle a tedious things by using their experiences not like unmanned. The main thing is cost of manned is low than unmanned.
In conclusion the author needs to state the facts clearly. The above mentioned facts are not stated clearly so it is open to the debate. If the argument should have a strong point means the author should substantiate the things.
Comments
Essay evaluation report
flaws:
The writing style is close to issue essays, like: 'The automated means no man power, so the cost is higher than manned space flight. '
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we may give following arguments:
Firstly, the author assumes that all & every type of information that can be obtained through a manned space flight can be obtained through an unmanned space flight.
Secondly, while stating "the recent success of a series of unmanned space probes and satellites", the author assumes that this is the case for all unmanned space ventures in recent history.
Thirdly, the author assumes that in proportion to the growth of technology that makes unmanned space flight possible, there will not be a corresponding rise in technology & hence, safety levels, of manned space flight.
Finally, the author assumes that the level of technology required for widespread unmanned space flight currently exists.
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Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: ? out of 6
Category: Poor Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 32 15
No. of Words: 464 350
No. of Characters: 2111 1500
No. of Different Words: 213 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.641 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.55 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.267 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 155 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 93 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 50 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 23 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 14.5 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 6.572 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.594 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.264 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.467 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.118 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 6 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 114, Rule ID: IT_VBZ[1]
Message: Did you mean 'faces'?
Suggestion: faces
...ram to follow. If we lose contact or it face with any damage means it will not work....
^^^^
Line 5, column 201, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: It
...e result is mission cancelled or failed.It becomes a big loss to the scientist and...
^^
Line 5, column 249, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...es a big loss to the scientist and all. If it reaches above the stratosphere means...
^^
Line 7, column 312, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...have both positive and negative things. If the author is prejudiced the positive s...
^^
Line 9, column 173, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[3]
Message: The verb 'does' requires base form of the verb: 'need'
Suggestion: need
...ully completed the mission. It does not needs to be fully automated or do any program...
^^^^^
Line 12, column 138, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...ed clearly so it is open to the debate. If the argument should have a strong point...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, firstly, if, may, second, secondly, so, then, third, thirdly, another thing, in conclusion
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 22.0 19.6327345309 112% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 12.9520958084 77% => OK
Conjunction : 16.0 11.1786427146 143% => OK
Relative clauses : 3.0 13.6137724551 22% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 28.0 28.8173652695 97% => OK
Preposition: 49.0 55.5748502994 88% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 16.3942115768 18% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2176.0 2260.96107784 96% => OK
No of words: 463.0 441.139720559 105% => OK
Chars per words: 4.69978401728 5.12650576532 92% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.63868890866 4.56307096286 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.34636574771 2.78398813304 84% => OK
Unique words: 218.0 204.123752495 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.470842332613 0.468620217663 100% => OK
syllable_count: 680.4 705.55239521 96% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 4.96107784431 121% => OK
Article: 14.0 8.76447105788 160% => OK
Subordination: 7.0 2.70958083832 258% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 4.22255489022 71% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 32.0 19.7664670659 162% => OK
Sentence length: 14.0 22.8473053892 61% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 38.1892772704 57.8364921388 66% => OK
Chars per sentence: 68.0 119.503703932 57% => More chars_per_sentence wanted.
Words per sentence: 14.46875 23.324526521 62% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.375 5.70786347227 59% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 6.0 5.15768463074 116% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 5.25449101796 114% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 12.0 8.20758483034 146% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 17.0 6.88822355289 247% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.67664670659 64% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.227442707882 0.218282227539 104% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0590915968114 0.0743258471296 80% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0734645926447 0.0701772020484 105% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.119503677991 0.128457276422 93% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0830396895566 0.0628817314937 132% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 7.9 14.3799401198 55% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 65.73 48.3550499002 136% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 7.6 12.197005988 62% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 9.39 12.5979740519 75% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.3 8.32208582834 88% => OK
difficult_words: 87.0 98.500998004 88% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.5 12.3882235529 61% => OK
gunning_fog: 7.6 11.1389221557 68% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.9071856287 67% => The average readability is low. Need to imporve the language.
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.