In any field of inquiry, the beginner is more likely than the expert to make important contributions.
In my opinion, I do believe that beginners are more likely to make significant contributions than experts. However, I disagree with the author’s statement that this is likely in any field.
Important contributions are made by beginners in certain fields such as arts, music and science to name a few. If for example, a college student is really interested in the current MARS project by NASA where experiments are carried out to estimate whether the surface has suitable living conditions or not, the student can without prior experience build a rover to evaluate the same by reading publications related to the topic online.
Another example that can be considered is one of Mark Zuckerberg, CEO of Facebook. By only knowing how to code he developed an online yearbook before converting the same into a website where you can interact with your family or friends. He had no prior experience in this field and just started off as an amateur turning his idea into a multi-million dollar company which has gained a remarkable response and appreciated by all.
Nonetheless, for a beginner to make an important contribution in the field of business is somewhat unlikely. This is one area where a person must understand how the economy works, know about the various statistical methods and also about cost, revenue and stock market aspect. Coming into this field as a tyro, one has to learn about all this and gain some experience on how these important factors play their role and what influences their regular change.
Politics is also one field where one needs to understand how the government works, the rules of the institution and how to gain the mandate of the people. Majority of the people will not vote for a person who has recently entered into the field. They will trust someone who they have known for a long time and one who has prior experience and will meet their demands.
In sum, there are certain fields where a novice can make important contributions by brainstorming ideas and using creativity. But certain areas require that a person gain experience in order to make a significant impact.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, however, if, nonetheless, really, so, as to, for example, such as, in my opinion
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 19.6327345309 56% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 12.9520958084 62% => OK
Conjunction : 14.0 11.1786427146 125% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 13.6137724551 95% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 28.8173652695 80% => OK
Preposition: 45.0 55.5748502994 81% => OK
Nominalization: 10.0 16.3942115768 61% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1770.0 2260.96107784 78% => OK
No of words: 357.0 441.139720559 81% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.95798319328 5.12650576532 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.34677393335 4.56307096286 95% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.77199139963 2.78398813304 100% => OK
Unique words: 200.0 204.123752495 98% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.560224089636 0.468620217663 120% => OK
syllable_count: 570.6 705.55239521 81% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 4.96107784431 101% => OK
Article: 3.0 8.76447105788 34% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 2.70958083832 37% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.67365269461 60% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 4.22255489022 71% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 19.7664670659 76% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 23.0 22.8473053892 101% => OK
Sentence length SD: 59.7926045223 57.8364921388 103% => OK
Chars per sentence: 118.0 119.503703932 99% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.8 23.324526521 102% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.06666666667 5.70786347227 106% => OK
Paragraphs: 6.0 5.15768463074 116% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 5.25449101796 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 11.0 8.20758483034 134% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 1.0 6.88822355289 15% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.67664670659 64% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.196606958756 0.218282227539 90% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0796845468929 0.0743258471296 107% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0883561596843 0.0701772020484 126% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.119102715217 0.128457276422 93% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.105773590512 0.0628817314937 168% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.8 14.3799401198 96% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 48.13 48.3550499002 100% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.3 12.197005988 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.78 12.5979740519 94% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.45 8.32208582834 102% => OK
difficult_words: 83.0 98.500998004 84% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 14.5 12.3882235529 117% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 11.1389221557 101% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.9071856287 101% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.