Throughout the world's oceans, hard structures such as natural reefs provide ideal marine habitats Reefs provide hard surfaces to which plants, coral and sponges can attach: and thereby provide food and shelter for many types of fish. Recently, workers in the fishing industry have tried to increase the amount of suitable habitat for fish by constructing artificial reefs from old metal objects and industrial materials and placing them in coastal waters. Artificial reefs have several benefits. Artificial reefs can also improve the economic competitiveness of small-scale fishers. This is possible because small-scale fishers are able to create their own private artificial reefs in secret locations only they know. Currently, small-scale fishers struggle to compete with larger corporations because fishing grounds are limited in number and most are known to everyone. Creating fishing areas known only to the fishers who make them will help independent fishers support themselves and their local communities. Next, some asteroids are rich in valuable elements and precious metals that are relatively rare on Earth, such as gold and platinum. An asteroid colony would be extremely profitable and a good source of these raw materials. The colonists or businesses sponsoring them could more than pay for the cost of their support by mining minerals and sending them back to Earth. Finally, artificial reefs are a good way to recycle materials no longer needed for other purposes. Artificial reefs can be made from old cars and other objects that are otherwise difficult to dispose of. Once these materials have been cleaned to ensure that no harmful chemicals remain, they can be placed in the ocean to serve as reefs for marine life Artificial reefs thus provide a relatively inexpensive, environmentally friendly way to reuse materials.
The reading passage is mentioning some advantages of producing artificial reefs regarding considering the economy and environment as well. The professor in his lectures mentions some points that cast doubt on the advantages of the artificial reefs.
Firstly, the reading passage is suggesting that more artificial reefs will attract more fish, which eventually will have a great economic impact on the fisheries on a small scale. But from the lectures, it is known that more reefs will gather more fish over a short distance, which will reduce the population.
Secondly, to get a positive impact on small-scale fisheries, they create more private locations for artificial reefs, which will cause safety problems. On the other hand, if the locations of reefs are known to all, then their advantages will go in vain.
Thirdly, reefs may hamper the environment rather than being environment-friendly. The professor mentions that some reefs are made of tires of cars, and when they have affected the bond between them becomes loose. Then it secret chemical which is harmful to the marine environment.
Finally, it can be concluded that artificial reefs have both positive and negative impacts on the environment of marine life and on the economy of the fisheries as well. But considering the lectures, it can be said that the disadvantages have more control over the advantages of artificial reefs.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, first, firstly, if, may, regarding, second, secondly, so, then, third, thirdly, well, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 10.4613686534 86% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 9.0 5.04856512141 178% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 15.0 22.412803532 67% => OK
Preposition: 27.0 30.3222958057 89% => OK
Nominalization: 7.0 5.01324503311 140% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1183.0 1373.03311258 86% => OK
No of words: 224.0 270.72406181 83% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.28125 5.08290768461 104% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.86867284054 4.04702891845 96% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.9239912736 2.5805825403 113% => OK
Unique words: 114.0 145.348785872 78% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.508928571429 0.540411800872 94% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 365.4 419.366225166 87% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 4.0 8.23620309051 49% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 32.847758015 49.2860985944 67% => OK
Chars per sentence: 107.545454545 110.228320801 98% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.3636363636 21.698381199 94% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.6363636364 7.06452816374 151% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.108024705349 0.272083759551 40% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0479660815683 0.0996497079465 48% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0227958254293 0.0662205650399 34% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.063677621518 0.162205337803 39% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0204406491048 0.0443174109184 46% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.6 13.3589403974 102% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 51.18 53.8541721854 95% => OK
smog_index: 11.2 5.55761589404 202% => Smog_index is high.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.34 12.2367328918 109% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.94 8.42419426049 94% => OK
difficult_words: 47.0 63.6247240618 74% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 12.0 10.7273730684 112% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 75.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.